ANY MIZO (LUSHAI)

By Rempuia R. Lutmang
Mizo chu tute nge?
Kum 1892 khan R B McCabe chuan, “Lushai hian Mizo emaw, Mizau emaw an inti,” a lo ti daih tawh a, a hma daiha a hriat tawh tihna a ni, tunlai angin khawla chhut zung zung a la awlai lo. Ani hian Mizo a tihte chu (amah ziah dan indawtin): Ralte, Molbem, Khuangli, Paithe, Taute, Jahau (Yahow), Dulien, Lakher, Fanai (Molienpui), Poi, Dalang, Tangur, Sukte, Mar, Falam (Tashons), Paukhup, Liellul.
Kan tawng kha ziah dan a la awm lo a, R B McCabe hian a benga a hriat dan angin a ziak a, chuti chung chuan hriat harsa a awm lo zawk angreng. A then erawh chu a hre thelh ve nawk nawk bawk, chutiangah chuan a demawm hran lo; kan pi leh pute mahin ‘batakh’ chu ‘varak, vatawk’ an lo ti daih alawm le. Mizo hnam hi a huam zautir khawp mai a; mahse, ama huamtir ni loin, a hun laia a mi kawm, Mizo upate huamtir a ni zawk ang tih a rin theih a. Chung kan upate chuan Mizo hnam chhungkaw huam chin hi zau taka valhin, hnam lian takah min lo chhuah daih tawh a ni tih a rin theih.
Chutiang chuan, kum 1900 hma lamah Mizo kan lo ni tawh a. Sap zawk pawhin, “Lushai kan tih hi… Mizo an lo inti reng alawm le” tih nachang an lo hre daih tawh a, chu chu Pu Buanga leh Sap Upa lo lan hma a nih chu.
Khang hun lai khan kan chhehvela khawsa Zohnahthlak dangte khan Sailo leh an unaute khua reng reng kha “Lusei khua” an ti a; an khua leh tuite pawh “Luseiho” an ti mai bawk a. A eng hnam hnam emaw chuan, “Duhlianho” te pawh an ti bawk ang a, a thenin “Hmarho/Mharho/Marho” an ti bawk ang. Anniho pawh hre chiang mang loin, Paihte, Pawih, Hmar te kan ti a, kan hrut rual pup mai a, min sawi thin dan ‘Luseiho’ tih a dik loh ang chiah khan keini lamina kan sawi dan pawh hi a dik fumfe lo. Kan inhre chiang lo a, kan insawi tawn dan a dik thei lo.
Mizoram pela thlang tla hmasa, ‘old Kuki’ an tih maite kha Biate te, Hrangkhawl te an ni a; chumi hnua thlang tal leh Thado, Hmar, Paihte, Simte te leh hnam hrang hrangte kha ‘new Kuki’ an ti leh mai bawk. Sap an rawn lawr a, anni ‘Kuki’ hnen atangin emaw, tun hmaa Assam rama cheng hnam thenkhat hnen atangin emaw min han ralkhat hriat a, “Luseiho an nih khi” an tih chu an leili nena inremin ‘Lushai’ min ti a. Mahse, min han zir chiang a, Lusei an ni lo, Mizo an ni tih nachang an hre chhawm thuai tho.
Lushai chu tute nge?
Kum 1912-ah London-a chhut, Lt. Colonel J. Shakespeare-a ziah ‘The Lushei Kuki Clan’ tih bu a lo chhuak a. A hun lai a rei ve leh tawh hle tho na a, ani pawh hian eng emaw chen chu a hre dik viau bawk. Chutiang a hriat dika chu, “Kuki kan ti a, anmahni insawi dan a ni lo,” tih te; “Lushai kan tih hi Lusei tih hriat sual, anmahni zawng zawng huap a ni lo,” tih ang chite hi a ni. Chutiang chu a hriat chian avangin a lehkhabuah hian ‘Lushei’ tih leh ‘Lushai’ tih a hman hran phah a; ‘Lushei’ a tih chuan ‘Lusei hnam intite’ sawina’n a hmang a, ‘Lushai’ a tih chuan ‘a huam zau zawk’ sawina atan a hmang zui ta a ni. Kum 1912 te chu a tlaikhawhnu em mai kan lo ti rilru mai thei a, a thuhmahruai hi kum 1910-a a ziah a ni a, a chhung thu taka chu chumi hma fea uluk taka a puah khawm a ni daih ang.
Ani Shakespeare-a hian hnam pawh chipchiar ve takin a ziak a. A tlangpui zawr zawr lo en i la.
Lusei hnam tia a tar lan zawng chu hengte hi an ni:: |hangur, Pachuao, Changte, Chongte, Chuahang, Chuango, Haonar, Hrasel, Hualhang, Hualngo, Lungkhua, Tochong leh Vanchong an ni a, a hnuaia kan la sawi zel turte hi ‘non-Lushei clan’ an ni.
Lusei hnam ni si lo, anmahni hnam zia leh tih dan thlau thla fai thak si lo, anmahni hnehtu Luseite hnam zia leh tih dana inhnim lut, hmun thenkhatah phei chuan Lusei nena an danglamna chu an sakhaw hman danah chauh hriat tawhho an awm leh a, chungte chu, ama ziah dan ang angin: Chawte, Chongthu, Hnamte, Kawlni, Kawlhring, Kiangte, Ngente, Paotu, Rentlei, Roite, Vangchhia leh Zawngte te an ni.
Heng bakah hian Lusei tih dan leh hnam kalphunga la inhnim lut lo, Lusei hnam tih danina a chiah hneh viau tawhte an awm leh a, chungte chu: Fanai, Ralte, Paihte or Vuite leh Rangte te an ni.
Lushai tih chu Mizo tihna
Sawi tak ang khan Lushai tih chu Lusei tih hriat sual ni mah se a hminga hi an hmang zui zel tho a, Lusei hnam bik sawina ni loin Mizo sawina atan an hmang, sawrkar record ziahnaah an hmang laklawh tawh a ni.
Sap tawnga an sawiin ‘Lushai’ tih an hmang a, Mizo tawnga sawi (lehlin a nih)-in Lushai aiah Mizo tih an hmang thin. Heng hi hre sa vekin Pu Buanga leh Sap Upa pawh Zoram an lo chuang chhuak a. Kum 1898-a chhuak, ‘A Grammar and Dictionary of the Lushai Language (Dulien Dialect)’ tih chu Pu Buanga leh Sap Upa-in an chhuah a, chutah pawh chuan Sap tawngah Lushai tih an hmang a, a lehlinaah Mizo tih zel an hmang. Hetiang hian,
English: Lushai figs are very nice.
Lushai: Mizo thei-pui a tui em em.
English: I am hated by the Lushais.
Lushai: Mizo huat ka ni.
English: Do you know the ins and outs of the Lushai language.
Lushai: A kip a koi in Mizo tong i hria em?
Tunlai khawvelah chung chu mi thenkhatin hre thiam loin, mahni chi bila inbawk hrangho chuan, “Mizo chu Lusei chauh alawm an nih,” an rawn ti tlaikhawhnu ve leh thin a, a then lahin an lo awih ve mai bawk. An thlahtute kha Mizo inti ve ngai lo an ni a, tunah pawh Mizo inti meuh lo te an la ni reng a, an chipui thenkhat Mizo an ni hmin hmak a, an lungawi em em mai bawk si a, chu chu rawn sawi chingchivet an tum a ni berin a ngaih theih. Chumi hnam, chu mi thlah, chumi hnam peng tiin an buai kumtluan a, a inpumkhat sa hi sawi thiah tum ang ziazangin, “In hnam tawng pawh in hre lo, Mizo in ni bik lo,” te an ti bawk. Kan chi bil tawng kan hre tawh hlawm lo; mahse, Mizo chu ni bik teh reng mai.
Chutiang thu dik meuh lo chu a khat tawk hian, Manipur lam te, Burma lam te hian an sawi chhuak fo. Mizo tih thumal/tawngkam an hriat ve hma daih khan Mizo kan lo inti tlang dial dial tawh tih an ngaihtuah phak reng reng lo. Chuti chung chuan Mizo tih awmzia te, Mizo tihin a huam chin te an rawn sawi ve leh vak zel.
Mizo/Lushai tih chuan eng nge a huam?
Mizo/Lushai kan tih chuan Lusei chauh a huam lo kan ti tawh a. Lusei hnam: Chhakchhuak, Chuaungo, Chuauhang, Hauhnar, Hrahsel, Tochhawng, Vanchhawng, Pachuau, Chhangte, Chawngte leh Zahmuaka thlah (|hangur, Zadeng, Palian, Rivung, Rokhum, Thangluah) te chauh ni loin, Ralte, Chawngthu, Khiangte, Khawlhring, Vangchhia, Ngente, Rawite, Punte, Pautu, Hnamte, Fanai, Tlau, Renthlei, Bawitlung, Vuite, Rangte, Vaiphei, Hlawndo, Hlawnchhing, Chhunthang, Biate, Zote, Hrangchal, Darngawn, Hauzel, Chinzah, Zahau, e khai, a tam lutuk, sawi mai sen a ni lo, chungte chu min huam vek a ni. Mi thenkhat chu, “A then khi chu Hmar alawm, a then khi Lai alawm,” tih chakin an za zek zek ang, chungte chu kan hre ve bawk. Hmanlaia Sailo leh an u leh naute lalna khua leh a chhehvelah khan a hnam hming ang zawng chuan hnam chi tin kan awm kim thawthang a, chungte chu a ni Sapin, “Anmahni chuan Mizo an inti,” an lo tih ni.
Chung zingah chuan Pawih te, Paihte te, Hmar te an tel ve sa vek. Hnam hrang hrang kha an zavaiin an inhlawm khawm a, Mizo an inti sa a ni. Hmar chi peng, Paihte chi peng, Falam, Tiddim, Halkha tih velin a tibuai lo. Hnam leh chi, chi hrang hrang kha lungawi takin Mizo an ni mai a ni, ti i la, lungawi zan lo chu an awm tho ang tih i ring ang u. Khawi hmunah mah, eng tik lai mahin mipui hi an hmin rual thup ngai lo.
Chutiang chu ni mah se, chutih hun lai tho chuan, Pawih te, Paihte te, Hmar te, Kuki te, Hualngo te, mi tam tak mahni chi bila khawsa an awm. Tuna state ni ta ramri hnaiha awm te, ram pawn lama awm te an ni tlangpui. Chung mite chuan Mizo an inti ve ngai lo, hmelma ena inen, indo leh inrun reng an ni zawk. Chutiang mi thenkhat chuan tlaikhawhnuah Mizo intiin, Mizo awmzia te hi an sawi fiah tur emaw an rawn ti thin, “Kum 1940/1950 bawr vela Mizo inti ta chauh alawm kan nih,” te an rawn ti a. An pi leh pute Mizo an lo inti tlai bik a, an ngaih dan kha dik se an ti ve a ni. Mahse, an sawi dik lo, sawrkar hriatpuinaa Mizo Distirct tih a nih atang chauha Mizo ni ta thut kan ni lo.
Mizo tih chuan eng Zohnahthlak hnam bik mah a huam lo a, hnam hrang hrang awm khawm kan ni. A tam thuah chuan Lusei leh Ralte te an tam deuh. Anni hnam hnih hi chu chhui chian fak theih chin ata inkawp, ral pawh do dun zel an ni. Kutpui, Chapchar Kut-ah pawh vawk talh ni nei hrang thlap an ni a, hnam dang zawng chuan vawk talh ni an nei hrang ve lo. K. Zawla leh Zairema chuan ni khatna Lusei vawk talh ni, ni hnihna Ralte vawk talh ni an ti a; Liangkhaia chuan ni khatna Lusei vawk talh ni, a ni hnihna hnam tin vawk talh ni a ti thung. Anni pathum hi Ralte, Khawlhring leh Khiangte an ni a, mahni hnam tawng hre tawh lo thiau an ni. Anmahni vekin ‘hnam dang’ an tihte kha anmahni tho hi an ni a; mahse, an zavaiin Lushai/Mizo an ni.
Scheduled tribes of Mizoram
Mizoram tribal list-ah hian Zohnahthlak chu serial no. 5-Hmar, no. 7-any Kuki tribes, no. 8-Lakher, no. 10-any Mizo (Lushai) tribes, no. 13-Pawi leh no. 15-Paite tih a chuang, no. 13-Synteng pawh hi a ni mai thei, nakina sawi chianah. Serial number dang hi chu Mizorama cheng hnam dang an ni.
Kan sawi tak ang khan Mizo/Lushai tih chuan Zohnahthlak hnamah eng hnam mah huam bik a nei lo a, tu pawh a huam vek mai. Chung mite chuan tribal certificate kan lakin ‘Mizo’ kan inti thin, a chi dang insawina kan nei lo. Ralte chuan Ralte ka ni a ti lo a, Khiangte pawhin Khiangte ka ni a ti lo, Mizo kan inti mai thin. A bak hnam hming dang kan nei lo. Hei hi kan pi leh pute lo duan sa a ni, a chi bila intih hran khan eng mah kan ni dawn lo tih an hria a, mahni hnam dah bo vekin Mizo an lo inti a, chu chu kan chhawm ta zel a, tribe list-ah pawh chutiang chuan a lo chuang zui ta a ni.
A nih leh Zohnahthlak ni tho si, a hranpaa inziak engati nge an awm kan tih chuan, kan sawi tak ang tho khan Mizo inti ve ngai lo, hmakhawsang atanga list an siam lai thlenga Mizo ni lo hrim hrim tam tak an awm. Anni tan ‘Mizo ka ni’ in tih ve ngawt kha a awlai lo, an duh lo ang; ‘In ni reng alawm’ va tih ngawt chi lah a ni hek lo, phut theihna dan pawh kan nei lo. Chungho tan chuan an hnam hming emaw, an inhlawm khawmna hming emaw dah ve ngei ngei a ngai a, an dah ve leh mai a ni. Eng mah hriat thiam loh tur a awm lo. Unau vek kan nih erawh chu tu’n kan hai lo e.
A nih leh engati nge ‘any Mizo (Lushai) tribes’ an tih rikngawt, tu tute nge a hriat hleih nem kan la ti hram thei. Mizo kan nih chuan hnam hming hran kan nei tawh lo, kan duh lo a ni. Mizo zinga eng hnam pawh khan lungsi taka an hman theih turin, a tu hnam mah ziak lang bik loin ‘any Mizo’ tiin, huap zau leh huam kim thei ang berin an lo dah a ni. Hnam hming dah dawn i la, dah kim hleih theih pawh a ni lo ang, chu bakah a chhangchhiatthlak lutuk reng reng. Mizo nia inhre tan chuan hnam hming kha Mizo a ni mai. Miin, “Mizo chu hnam hming a ni lo, inhlawm khawmna hming alawm,” an tih pawhin an ngaih dan an sawi ve a ni mai a; kan zavaiin Mizo kan ni a, kan ni zel ang.
A nih leh tun hnaiah Ralte hi tribal kan ni lo tih te, ka tribal certificate-ah Ralte a inziak a, tribal list-ah ka awm lo tih te a ri si a, Ralte chu tribal an ni na nge, tribe list siam that a ngai em ni, tih kha zawhna awm thei a lo ni leh. A chhan chu kan sawi chiang viau tawh a, chumi la hre thiam lo an la awm tak fo chuan, a hmaa Mizo hnam hrang hrang kan sawi diah diah kha eng list-ah mah an awm lo vek, Mizo kan nih vang a ni; Ralte nih kan mamawh lo a, Mizo nih mai a tawk. Tribal list hi siam that a ngai reng reng lo, Mizo chuan serial no. 10 kan hmang mai a, buaina tur a awm lo. Serial no. 10 hmang duh lo chu an awm reng dawn, chung mite tan chuan serial no. dang kha a awm ve zel a ngai a, duhthu lo sama a haw hawa inrawt phura nawt reh tura hotute nawr ngawt chi a ni lo, kan nawh reh tura te pawhin an phal teuh lo.
A ni tak a, pa pakhat tribal certificate-ah khan Ralte tih a lo inziak a ni awm e, harsatna tawk ta kha a khawngaihthlak khawp mai; mahse, tribe list siamtute thiam loh ni loin, certificate pe chhuaktu thiam loh a ni, a nih loh chuan ama thiam loh a ni mai. Khatianga kan tih dawn te chuan Chawngthu-in a certificate-ah Chawngthu tih ziah tir se, chutiang zelin Khiangte, Khawlhring, Hnamte, Hauhnar, Sailo, Pachuau, Renthlei tih te ziak ve se an buai ve vek ang, list-ah hetiang hnam hming hi a awm ngai lo tlat alawm. Chutiang kara “Ralte hi tribal kan lo ni lo,” han tih te phei chu a, kan fiamthu a ni mang bawk si lo, kan chhangchhe deuh zawng a ni e. Ani khan a dik loin a la chhuak a, thil awm lo pui an zawng a, Vaiho pawhin, “Ka pu, eng ma mu lo,” an ti lo thei nang. Tu ma’n mahni chi bil hmangin tribal certificate kan la chhuak ngai lo, ‘Mizo’ tih hming chauhin kan la chhuak thin. Mi lak chhuah angin la chhuak ve se buaina a tawk hauh lo ang. Kan hnam hming, Mizo tih hi kan dah sang ber a, a pawimawh ber a, kan chhuang ber a, a aia te kha a leng ve lo a ni e.
Inpumkhatna lam ve thung hi le
|awng hi inpumkhatna hmanrua a ni a, inthen darhna hmanrua a ni bawk. Ram pawn lama tawng hrang nei zawng zawng an intih hranna chhan pawh tawng vang a ni ber. |awng pakhat an hman hma chu an inpumkhat lo ang, Babel in sang hre reng rawh u. Inpumkhat zawng duhthusam a nia lawm; mahse, khawvel tawp hmain kan inpumkhat hman kher lo mai thei.
Campaign emaw, pawl din emaw hmang hian kan inpumkhat dawn lo. Thil tum tha tak zawng a ni nameuh mai; mahse, kawng dik a ni lo. A thawkate pawh an thawk rim thlawn a, a hah thlawn mai a ni. A hranpaa inpumkhat tum chiam hi eng mah a ni tak tak lo. |awng pakhat hmang i la, tu sawi mah ngai loin kan inpumkhat nghal ang, a hranpaa tum chiam chi a ni lo. Hnam peng, chi peng sawi sawi te hi inthen darhna hmanrua chauh a ni. Mizo kan inpumkhat that em em chhan chu tawng pakhat kan hman vang a ni a, kan hnam bil theuh dah thaa Mizo kan intih vek vang a ni bawk.