A.C. Zonunmawia, CEP
Ramhmul (forest) enkawl hi India Dânpuia tarlan angin State enkawl tur niin State List-ah dah a ni a, mahse kum 1976-a India Dânpui siam that vawi 42-na chuan sorkar laipui leh State sorkar enkawl kawp tura dahin Concurrent List (List III)-ah a dah ta a ni. Mizoramah chuan Mizo District (Forest) Act, 1955 hmangin ramhmul humhalhna hmun (reserved forests) te kan nei a, he dân hi kum 1990 khan siam that niin Mizoram (Forest) Act, 1955 tih a ni ta a ni. Tuna Assam nena kan inrina lamah kum 1878 khan Indian Forest Act, 1878 hmangin Inner Line Reserved Forests (ILRF) puan a ni a, hei hi 1318.31 Sq.km zeta zau a ni. Tunhma chuan ILRF hi Assam Forest Regulation, 1891 hmanga enkawl thin a ni.
Kum 1980 khan sorkar laipui chuan Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 duangin, he dân hi ni 25/10/1980 atang khan hman tan niin, Mizoramah pawh Mizoram (Forest) Act, 1955 nen ramhmul enkawl leh humhalhna atan hman chhoh ngar ngar a ni. Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 hi kum 1988 khan siam that a ni a, kum 1992-ah pawh siam danglam leh niin siam thatna hnuhnung ber erawh kum 2023 khan neih a ni. Kum 2023-a siam thatna hian a dân hming (Title of the Act) a thlak hlawk a, Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam, 1980 tih a ni ta a, dân siam thatna lam ai mahin dân thar (new legislation) a ni mah zawk a ni. He dân thar atan hian Consolidated Guidelines siam a ni a, Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Rules, 2023 pawh siam nghal niin a dânpui te nen ni 1/12/2023 atang khan hman tan an ni.
He dân thar Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam, 1980 hian ramhmul enkawl leh humhalh kawngah kan hnam tih dan phung (customary law/practices) a khawih buai theih bakah, ramhmul tam tak kan chân phah theih dawn avangin India Dânpui (Constitution) Article 371G hnuaia ‘special category state status’ hmangin Mizoram Legislative Assembly (9th Assembly) chuan ni 22/8/2023 khan ‘official resolution’ hmangin a hnawl ta a ni. Principal Act ber kan hnawl tak si avangin inkaihhruaina a ken tel leh Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Rules, 2023 pawh kan ramah chuan a hman ve theih ta lo a ni.
Hetiang hi kan dinhmun a nih avangin Projects (linear & non-linear) engemaw atana Forest Clearance (FC) mamawhna a awm pawhin kan ti thei dawn rih lo niin a lang. Dân hlui zawk hmangin tih tum ngawt ila, Dân thar hmanga siam danglam a ni tawh a, Dân thar kan hnawl si avangin kawng a ping rih hle a ni. FC tel lova project thawhtir a, ramhmul tha tak tak an han suasam tur lah hmuh a hrehawm dawn bawk si. A nghawng tur thlira kan lo inbuatsaih lohna nghawng tur hi huphurhawm tak a ni. Hmanhmawh taka kan inbuatsaih zung zung a ngai ta a ni.
Mizoram (Forest) Act, 1955 hi kan thuam that a tul hle tawh a, hmasawnna tur atana kutthlâkna vanga ramhmul thiah chungchangah pawh a tih dan tur (provisions) kan bilh tel a tha awm e. Tin, Mizoram Forest Rules tha tak duan theih a pawimawh bawk ang. Heng siamthatnaah hian kan hnam dân (customary laws/practices) thlengin nghahchhanah hmang thiam ila, chu chuan dân zawm leh kenkawh kawngah harsatna a thlen tlem phah a rinawm. Chhuan lo la awm zel turte’n ramhmul enkawl kawngah ‘historical injustice’ an hmuh lohna turin tuna mite hian tan kan lâk a ngai e…