Dr J.T.Vanlalngheta
ADVOCATE,
Writer’s Lexis & Law.
Indian Penal Code thlâktu Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNSS); Criminal Procedure Code thlaktu Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) leh, The Indian Evidence Act, 1872 thlaktu Bharatiya Sakshya Adhinyam (BSA)-te chu kum 2024 July 1 atanga hman tan a niin kan dan lek kawhtu Police lamte pawhin heng dan thar pathum-te hi an hmel hriat tan viau tawhin a rinawm a, chuti chung chuan heng dân lek kawhtute leh mi nawlpuite tana tangkai tûr nia lang ZERO F.I.R. chungchang hi tlêm kan thai dawn a ni.
A tuartu emaw lung awi lohna neitu emawina awlsam zâwka Police hnena hriattîrna hmasa ber (First Information Report) a theh luh theihna hi heng dan thartena mi dikte hnena mal sawmna chi khat an rawn thlen a ni ngei ang. Police station-a miin a lung awi lohna ziak emaw, tawngka (tawngkaa thlen chu an lo ziak lut ang a) emawa a thlen hi First Information Report (F.I.R) chu a ni mai a; mahse, a hma chuan, thu buai awmna bialtu police station chhunga thil thleng kha khami bialtu PS-ah kher khan theh luh a ngai thin; chuvang chuan, FIR pawh khan a kal muan phah bika ngaih a ni thin a; hetiang harsatna hi he dan thar BNSS hian a rawn ti bo ta a ni. Tunah chuan hetianga FIR theh luh tam ber hi Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (CCTNS) kal tlanga ziah luh a ni ta a, chu chu Inter-Operable Criminal Justice System (ICJS) ban pawimawh zinga pakhat a niin dan hlui atanga dan thara pakaina lawmawm tak leh mawi tak, dan thar hlen chhuah nana pawimawh tak si a ni (RK Vij: A year later-colonial era laws to new criminal codes in the Hindu, June 30, ‘25, pp.6). Pawi khawihna hmun, a bikin pawi khawihna lian tham, eg. tual thah, pawng sual, adt te a thlen chuan, khawii hmun pawh ni se, thu buai theh luttu tur tan khan FIR theh luhna tur police station-ah khan buaina tur a awm lo va, Police Station remchang/hnai berah khan, khawii hmun pawh ni se, Zero FIR nih dan tûr dik tak (concept) chuan FIR theh luh a phalsak a, chu chu police-te khan an lo ziah luh ngei ngei a ngai a, chumi hnuah chhui zui atan thu buai awmna emaw pawih khawih thlenna hmun bialtu Police Station-ah an thawn chhawng leh mai dawn a ni. Hetiang hi Cr PC-ah kha chuan chiang taka ziah lan a ni lo va, BNSS S.173-naah erawh chuan Zero FIR concept hi chiang deuh zawka ziah lan a ni ta a, a lawmawm hle a ni. Hetianga police hnena FIR theh luhte hi CCTN kal tlanga tih a ni a, State pakhat chhung zela tih theih chauh ni mah se, hetiang hma sawnna nasa tak thlentirtu Zero FIR concept hi Sawrkar laipuia Home Ministry a ni a, lawm thu hrilh a phu hle.Hemi tih changtlunna, Police hnaa hma sawnna pawimawh tak chu mobile application hmanga thil (evidence), a nihna ang tak leh a hun taka lak khawma, vawn thatna ‘e-Sakshya’ a taka hman hi a ni. A nihna takah chuan dan thar kan hman hi khawng deuh tak (mechanical exercise) a nih laiin, he ‘e-shakshya’ hian danglamna nasa tak a rawn thlen a. Hemi hi hlawhtling taka hmang tur erawh chuan a taka thawktu inspecting officer (IO)-te hnen atanga thil hriat lêt (feedback) tam a pawimawh dawn a ni.
F.I.R. CHUNGCHÂNGA Cr PC LEH BNSS DANGLAMNA:
Cr PC Sect 154: Thu buai theh luhah khan pawi khawihna (cognizable offence) ziah lan a nih chuan police station-a officer-in-charge khan a lehkhabua ziah luh nghal chu tih ngei ngei ngai a ni a; chutih laiin, BNSS Section 173-ah chuan, FIR-a thu buai anga ziah lan chu a tak takin a awm tak zet em, engtiang taka nasa nge pawi khawihna chu tih finfiah nan, thu theh luh chu a ziah luh hma hauh pawhin, chhui zuina (inquiry) bultanna a kalpui nghal thei. Amaherawhchu, hei hi tih mâkmawh ni lovin, a duhthlanna a ni.
Hetiang hi pawi khawihna lian tham lova ngaih leh intântirna pangngai, kum 3-7 inkar ang chi kaihhnawiha FIR tih tlem nan leh, tûl lova chhui (investigation) leh dan kalpui zui (judicial proceeding) tih tlêm nan a ni.
HEI HI HRIA ILA:
He BNSS Section 173 hian awlsam zawka FIR theh luh theih dan a rawn sih hmuh rualin, tul lo taka police hna siamsak leh tih buai pumpelh hi a tum (purpose) a ni tih hi. Eng nge maw hleka Facebook leh media thenkhata FIR han sawi chhuah mai zel te pawh hi insum deuh a tha maithei; kawng lehlamah chuan, a lehlam pawhin dan angin invenna/vengtu (defence lawyer) an nei ve zel lo thei lo va, duh aia thui kal pawh a awl thei. Tin, dan hmanga kawng danga hma lak dan kawng (alternative dispute resolution) a awm tho bawk tih hriat a tha. Chubakah, Kristian State-ah FIR a lar viau chuan a mi chêng-ringtute tan pawh a zahthlak ang; ringtu kan nih angin kawng hrang hrangin i fimkhur tlang ang u.