By Lalnunmawia Pachuau
Mizoram hi tlángram kan nih vangin kan tuitlan pawh hi kan ramngaw atanga tuihnâ lo insiam leh lo luangchhuak hi khawpui lian leh thingtlang lama kan rinpui ber an ni. Amaherawhchu, hmasawnna leh mihring pung chhovin ramngaw chereu lo thlen chhoh tirin kan tuihnà te a kum tèlin a kâm chho zel a ni. Tun hnaiah Mizoram hian Tuihnâ kang chat te, luitui tihbawlhhlawh chungchangah te harsatna kan tâwk chho ta malh malh mai a. Mahni tui intur luitui ngèi pawh Tûr hmanga hrâi duh leh bawlhhlawh paih hnan duh kan nihna hian kan hnam hnufualzia hi a tarlang chiang hle a, kan hmabak hi ngaithuah tham tak a ni awm e.
Kan ramngaw, lui leh nungchate pawimawhzia chu School-ah kan zir nasat mai bakah ni tin inzirtirna rimawi tak tak kan ngaithla ti ila a sual awm lo e. Sustainable Development lam te thlenga inzirtirna tha tak thlengin kan tlangau pui nasa tawh hle. Helam hi chu kan ngaithla tam tawk viau a, tunah erawh kan ram dan leh hrai bawhchhiatna rapthlak tak tak te, chu chuan nghawng tha lo tak tak a neih chhoh nasatzia te a hauhûkkâi atanga siamthat ngai kan nihzia te, kan ramngaw zau tak tak mimal thil tithei te rama a lo channa chhan bulpui ber te hi kan hriat mâkmawh a ni e.
RAM DAN LEH HRAI KAN NGAI PAWIMAWH LO:
Ramngaw humhalh pawimawhzia kan hriat rual hian mipui nawlpui te hi chuan ram Dân leh Hrai hmanga kan ramngaw te thlenga chhan theih a nihzia hi kan hriat a tul hle awm e. Kan ramngaw humhalhna dan te, Luitui leh Nungcha humhalh kawnga Dân palzût tu leh bawhchhetu te hi kan beisei loh em em leh kan rin phak bak te an ni thung si! Dân bawhchhiat chu sawi loh, Dân lekkawh tura kan ngaih zawk Mizoram Sawrkar leh thuneitu te zawk hian India leh Mizoram dân hi a lo palzût thawt thawt thin zawk a! He mi nghawng chhuah rah duhawm lo tak tak te hi tunah hian kan seng chho ta mawlh mawlh mai a nih hi!
Kar hmasa lawkah Vanglaini-ah kan lo hmu tawh a, Mizorama Forest ram humhalh chhung Riverine Reserved Forest area-ah leh Reserved Forest area dangah Revenue Department leh VC te Ram Pass pekchhuah nei mi 3392 lai an awm thu an lo chhuah kulh mai a! Hetih lai hian chipchiar leh uluk thei ang berin chhuichhuak se hei ai hian a tam daih zawkin a rinawm bawk. He mi kawnga Dân bawhchhiatna hi a mak mai pawh ni lovin a rapthlak hial zawk! Reserved Forest area-a ram inpek hi kan Forest Law te, Land Laws te hian a lo phalsak reng nge ni a, mi thiltithei fál te hi dan chungah an lo léng thin zawk tih hi ngaihtuah tham tak a ni e.
KAN DAN LEH HRAI ZAWM TUR TE HI:
Kan ram hian Forest humhalhna dan, District Council kan nih hun laia Pass tawh The Mizoram Forest Act, 1955 kan nei a, hemi bakah hian India rama awm kan nih vangin Environment leh Forest humhalhna ah Central Acts kan tih he’ng; Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980; Environment (Protection) Act, 1986; Biological Diversity Act, 2002; Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974; Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981; Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016, etc., te hi zawm ngei ngei ngai kan nei nuk a ni. Kan ramah hmasawnna Project lian kalpui a nih dawn reng rengin Dân in a phût ang hlenchhuah ngai tamtak a awm a, Sustainable Development a thlenna tura Dân zawm ngai te tih puitlin tur a awm a, Project len leh têt a zirin Environmental Clearance, Forest Clearance, etc., te neih hmasak phawt ngai a awm thin.
Amaherawhchu, kan ramah erawh he’ng Forest/Environmental Law-in a phût ang te hi pumpelh hram hram kan tum thin a, Dân-in hlenchhuah tura a bituk te mausâma thawh nghal rum rum hi kan duh mai thin a, hei hian nghawng tha lo tak tak a lo hringchhuak thin. Danin a phût kan tihhlawhtin loh vangin tunah pawh Environmental Case tamtak a piang chhuak ta a nih hi! Kan State chhunga Project lian thenkhat chu an hna thawh lai te tih tawp lailawk an nih phah hial a, Construction thenkhat pawh thiat (Demolished) hial turin National Green Tribunal (NGT) lam thlengin thupêk khauh tak tak an lo chhuah tawh nghe nge a ni.
RAMNGAW HUMHALHNA KAWNGA INKHINNA CASE LANGSAR TE:
Mizoramah Forest/Environmental Law bawhchhiatna a nasat lutuk vang hian NGO thenkhat leh mimal te pawhin an theihna kawng kawngah hma la in National Green Tribunal (NGT), Kolkata-ah te, Gauhati High Court-ah te an lo zualko zak zawk tawh a. A bikin NGO pakhat Center for Environment Protection (CEP), Tuikual South te zualkona in a nghawng chhuah te han thlir lawk ila; Chalfilh Tlang Tourist Lodge sakna ah Forest Clearance nei miah lova an lo sak vangin NGT chuan thiat (demolish) turin order khauh tak a lo chhuah tawh a, amaherawhchu, tunah hian Mizoram sawrkarin Supreme Court-ah a appeal mek a ni.
Hei bakah hian National Institute of Technology (NIT), Lengpui rama sak chungchangah Forest Clearance neih loh vangin NGT hian Net Present Value (NPV) leh Compensatory Afforestation (CA) te an pek hma loh chuan hna thawk chhunzawm lo turin order khauh tak a pe bawk. CEP hian KMMTP kawng laih mekah pawh zualkona thehlutin In-Principal Approval-in a phût anga NPV leh CA te an pêk loh vangin NGT hian he an pawisa chawi ngai hi an pêk tlak hma loh chuan hna thawh chhunzawm a phalsak lo bawk a ni.
Hetih lai hian Mizo zinga kan Social Activist neih lar tak Pi Vanramchhuangi chuan Tlawnghnar Reserved Forest huamchhunga Forest Clearance nei miah lova Mini Sport Academy an sak chungchangah leh NHIDCL-in kan Lui te leh lian te leivûnga an hnawhchhiat nasat chungchangah NGT-ah zualkona a thlen ve mek bawk a, a thu thlen vang hian NGT pawhin order khauh tak a lo siam tawh bawk a ni.
RRF HUAMCHHUNGA DAN BAWHCHHIATNA BIK HI:
Kum 1965 daiha kan Luipui lian 16 leh a kamtuak meter 800 humhalhna tura Notification, dated 28.1.1965-a chhuah a nih tawh laia RRF huam chhunga mimal tamtakin maktak maia Ram Pass an lo nei fur mai hian kan lui leh a kan ramngaw nasa taka a tih chereuna hi ngaihtuah tham tak a ni bawk awm e. Kan RRF-a dan bawhchhiatna nasat lutuk vang hian CEP bawk hian hma la in NGT-ah kum 2019 khan Petition an thehlut tawh bawk a. He mi chungchang hi NGT pawhin ngai thutakin Order khauh tak siamin Land, Revenue & Settlement Dept., Govt. of Mizoram chu RRF leh Reserved Forest dang huam chhunga ram an pekchhuah te chhuichhuak (inspection) neia, Cancel vek turin direction khauh tak pek an lo ni tawh a ni.
Tichuan, Land Revenue Department chuan NGT order zawmin dt. 13.4.2020 khan, Reserved Forest huam chhunga ram nei zawng zawng ten an ram cancel a nih lohna chhan ni 30 chhunga sawifiah turin Notification an lo chhuah tawh a ni. Amaherawhchu, Covid-19 boruak vangin Revenue Dept. hmalakna ah harsatna a lo awm chho ta a. Hetianga case a pending mek lai hian Gauhati High Court, Aizawl Bench chuan RRF Notification kan tih mai chu dated 27.1.2021 khan Tuirial HEP Compensation case kalchho zelah khan a lo thiat leh ta bawk a. Tichuan he case hi a tun thlengin NGT, Kolkata lamah a la inchiah (pending) mêk a ni.
Hetianga RRF Notification dt. 28.1.1965 thiah (set aside) a lo nih tâkah chuan CEP tan Appeal thehluh a ngai leh ta a, Supreme Court of India-ah Special Leave Petition (SLP) thehlutin Supreme Court chuan dt, 2/8/2021-ah CEP chu Gauhati High Court-a appeal phalna ‘Intra-Court appeal liberty’ a lo pe a ni. Tichuan, CEP chuan Gauhati High Court, Division Bench-ah Appeal-na chu a thehlut ve ta a, tunah hian Principal Bench, Guwahati-ah a pending mek a, dt. 27/1/2021-a RRF Notification thiahna order pawh suspend ni mékin Writ Appeal chai zawh a nih hma loh chu RRF Notification chu a pangngaia awm leh turin order a chhuah tawh bawk a ni. Hetih lai hian nikum 11th November, 2022 khan Mizoram sawrkar chu a Appeal-na atangin a inhnukdawk tawh thung a ni.
KAN LAND LAWS THLENGA MAUSAMNA HI:
Kan ram Dân leh hrai, kan Forest Law-ah te, Supreme Court order-ah te Reserved Forest huam chhunga ram pekchhuah khap a nih laia Revenue Department leh VC ten Forest ram humhalh chhung ngeia Ram Pass an lo pekchhuah te hi hun rei tak atanga an lo kalpui tawh, ngàia an lo neih a ni tih hi zêp tur a awm lo. Ngaihtuah ngun ngai tak erawh chu, mahni ram dan leh hrai, kan Mizoram Land Laws neih mek pawhin a khap chunga kan Revenue Department meuhin an mahni enkawl Dân bawhchhiaa mimal hnena ram an lo pe mai mai thin hi India ram state dangah te hian thleng ve tak ang mawt Nge, kan Administration mumal lo lutukin a hrinchhuah zawk tih hi ngaihtuah a ngai bawk awm e.
Mizoram hian Ram Pass inpek theihna lam hawi, Land Laws hi kan nei nual a, District Council kan nih lai atang tawh khan tun thlengin Land Laws hi tha tak tak kan nei nual a ni. Kan Land Laws thenkhat, he’ng; The Lushai Hills (House Sites) Act, 1953, The Mizo District (Land and Revenue) Act, 1956, The Mizo District (Agriculture Land) Act, 1963, The Mizoram Land Revenue Act, 2013, etc., te hi ngun takin han bihchiang ila, Reserved Forest humhimna bung leh châng chiang taka dah vek a ni. Heti chung hian engtianga Reserved Forest kan neih chhunga Revenue Department ber hian ram pechhuak thei nge an nih tih hi ngaihtuah tham tak a ni.
TLANGKAWMNA:
Tunhnaia Aizawl tuitlan Tlawnglui kâm nasa tak te, Lunglei khawpui tui lakna Pialthlenga thlakhat dawn tui luangchhuak tur awm loh chhan te, PHE Department ten connection thar pechhuak lo tura order an lo chhuah tawh na te, a kum têla kan lui tui te a kâm zel thu leh mitin te Tui renchem tura thu an chhuah ulh ulhna chhan te hi keimah ni, Mizoram mipui leh thuneitu te cho chhuah liau liau ti ila ka sawi sual lo ang. Kan ramngaw te hi ram dang miin min lo humhalh sak dawn lo a, a humhalh leh venhim hi kan kova innghat a ni.
Kan tui in tura tûr leihluta sangha hrâi duh kan la awm te, kan in tur lui kawra bawhhlawh paih mai mai thin kan la kat nuk mai te hi a vanduai thlak a, kan tuhrah hi keimahni bâkin kan seng dawn lo. Tun anga inthlahdah taka kan kal chho zela kan ramngaw te a chereu chho zel a nih chuan Aigupta-a hriléng Pharoa’n a chochhuak ang khan Tui tàmna leh harsatna tâwpkhawk pawh lo thleng se keimahni inthlahdah vanga lo thleng leh kan cho chhuah a ni tawh ang. Luitui inchuh vanga khawvel ram ropui tak tak indona a lo chhuak tawh ang khan he Mizoram mipui hian Tui harsat vanga intualvuak kan hmachhawn hun hi a lo thleng lo ang tih sawi theih a ni lo. Tui tâmna vanga manganna leh buaina kan hmachhawn lohna turin tun atanga siamthat hna kan thawh a ngai e..