MI HLA SAK DAWNIN A PHUAHTU, NEITUTE HNEN A|ANGIN PHALNA LAK A NGAI EM?

Rohmingthanga Ralte
Nodal Officer
Intellectual Property Rights Cell
Govt. Mamit College

THUHMA:
Digital khawvelah kan cheng meka, Mizoramah pawh thingtlang kil tawp lam thlengin Internet chak tha pangngai kan hmang thei ta fur a nih hi. LPS lamin ICON an buatsaih pawh LPS cable pawt kher lovin, YouTube lamah te man chawia a en theih tak avangin, tunlai Zoram khawvel titi luahtu pawh a ni mek awm e.
Live hian kei ka la en pek lova; mahse, hriat loh pawh tum ila social media lamah hmuh turin hmun a luah hneh em avangin hriat loh luih theih a ni lo. Hetih lai hian, Mizote ze tha lo deuh, kan hriat tawk loh vang pawh a ni ang, a lo lang ve mek bawk a. Chu chu thil namnul mai mai leh en liam mai mai hi a ni.
ICON intihsiakna atangin mite inhnialna pakhat a lo chhuak a. Chu chu icon contestant pakhatin mi hla a sak chu, a phuahtu a lawm vak lo niin a lang a. YouTube lamah pawh a thusawi hmuh theihin a awm nghe nghe a. A lungawi lohna chu mi tam tak chuan ho an ti viau thung a. Amah an dem let ti tih rualin, amah lo tantu pawh an awm ve bawk a, mipui kan thuhmun fo thei lo tih ti chiangtu pawh a ni e.
Kan hnam la naupan vangte leh hmasawnna lama kan la hnufual avang ten dan ang hian thil engkim hi ram changkang angin a la kal ve thei diak diak loa, inhriatthiamna khawvelah kan la awm vek mai a nih hi. Mi’n an lungawi lohna an sawi chhuah phei chuan, phunchiar leh uikawm nihte an hlawh ta daih thin bawk si a.
Chuvangin, hnampui zawk leh changkang tawh zawk ten mi hla an sak chungchangah hian, engtin nge dan an lo neih leh an kalpui thin tih hi, a tlangpui kan thuziakah hian kan tarlang dawn a ni. Heng thil te hi internet lamah chhiar theihin a awm vek a, Sap tawng te a lo ni nen mi nawlpui chuan kan chhiar peih chuang si lo. Chuvangin, kan thiam ang tawkin Mizo tawngin kan lo dah chhuak a ni. Sap tawng tlanglawn Mizo tawnga dah harsa a awm nuala, kan hrethiam vek thoin a rinawm.
Hla phuahtu pakhatin, a hla phuah an sak chungchanga a lungawi lohna facebook lama mite comment-naa kan hmuh tam berah chuan, ICON-a ‘The Beatles Night’ an hman khan, “Beatles ho kha an hla sak an dil bik em?” tih te, “American Idol-ah pawh an hla duh duh an sa a lawm, an dil ngai lo” tih te hmuh tur a tam hle mai a.
Hrechiang lova thil sawi phawng phawng mai ching kan tam si a. Chu chu thenkhatin thu dik emaw tiin an lo awih ve leh zel mai bawk si. Thil nihna dik tak hre loin, thil dik lo pawh kan ngaihdan chinah kan pawm dik thlup mai thin hi a tha lo a ni.
Sap kan tihho hi chu hnam upa leh fing hmasa an ni bawk a, engkim mai hi a nih tur ang, a bu ang thlap maiin an kalpui thei tawh bik a. An awhawm khawp mai. Mizote ngat phei chu dan hmanga inkhin te hi a tawpkhawkah lo chuan kan hreh em em hlawm a. Chuvangin, dan hi a nihna anga a kal ai chuan, inhriatthiamnain kan inen tlang leh mai thin a nih hi. A lehlamah chuan a nawm rualin, a tuartute tan erawh a huatthla la hle thung awm e.
Mizoramah hian ram changkangte angin, thil hi a nih dan tur anga kalpui a la harsa viau tih kan hre vek ang a. Tin, thu leh hla khawvelah hian publisher leh producer pangngai tak pawh kan la neih chiah loh avangin, copyright hi chu a phuahtu leh ziaktuten an nei zel ti ila, kan sawi sual lo’ng chu.

1. PHALNA LAK A NGAIH CHHAN:
Mi hla intihsiakna hmun leh mipui hmaah te kan sak dawn chuan a phuahtu emaw a copyright neitu emaw hnenah phalna lak a ngai. Hei hi khawvel ram dang leh India ram danin a kalpui mek a ni a. India ram leh khawvel ram danga an dan hman kan sawi kawp ang.
i. Copyright law-ah chuan hla phuahtu, thuziaktu chuan, neitu nihna a nei vek a, tihchhuah chhawn (reproduce), sem darh (distribute) leh tar chhuah (display) a nih dawn apiangin, phalna lak a ngai thin. (He lai thu hi chu kan thuziak kal zel atangin kan hrethiam thei ang).
ii. Intellectual property hmangin hla phuah (composition), hla thu (lyrics) leh a rem dan (arrangment) chu a phuahtu tan humhalh tlat a ni.
2. ENGA TAN NGE PHALNA CHU LAK TUR:
i. Sumdawnna thil atana hman a nih dawnin phalna lak tur a ni (e.g., selling, streaming, licensing).
ii. Mipui hmaa sak chhuah a nih dawnin, phalna lak a ngai (song live, online, or on radio/TV).
iii. Sem darh tur a nihin, hei hian online, digital leh cassette/cd hmanga sem darh a huam a, phalna lak ngai bawk a ni (physical or digital means).
India leh khawvel ram dangah, heng platform-a kan hman dawn paw’n phalna lak zel a ngai:
i) YouTube ii) Spotify
iii) Apple Music iv) TikTok
v) Instagram Reels vi) SoundCloud
vii) Streaming services viii) Radio stations ix) Live performance venues
x) JioSaavn xi) Gaana xii) Wynk Music

3. PHALNA LAK LOH VANGA A NGHAWNG THEIH TE:
i. A neitu phalna lak loh avanga dan bawhchhiatna (copyright infringement).
ii. Court case neih theih a ni (lawsuits).
iii. An dahna hmun (eg: Youtube) atanga lak thlaktir (takedown notices).
iv. Sum chawitir (financial penalties).
v. Mi thu leh hla hlutna tihchhiat leh a zahawmna tihbawrhban sakna (damage to reputation).
4. A NEITU DIL NGAI LOA HRIATTHIAM THEIH TE:
i. Vantlang hman atana pho chhuah (public domain) a nih tawhin. A bikin USA lamah chuan kum 1923 hma lama hla phuah/tih chhuah ho te a ni. India ramah chuan kum 1947 hma lama hla phuah/tih chhuah te copyright-in a huam tawh lo.
ii. Inzirtirnan, education lamah te, fakselna atante hman phalsak a ni (fair use).
iii. A phuahtuin phalna a lo pek tawh te (creative commons licenses).
India ramah hian mi hla, phalna nei loa sak chhawn hi Indian Copyright Act, 1957 in a humhalh tlat avangin, mi hla sak dawn chuan a neitu phalna lak ngei ngei a ngai a ni. Copyright India-in a kalpui dan chu:
i. Indian copyright hian hla tih chhuah a nih atang emaw a phuahtu thih atanga kum 60 emaw a liam hma chu a humhalh tlat a. Kum 60 a pelh tawh chuan copyright hi a thi ve thei tawh thung.
ii. Online hmanga tih chhuah emaw, CD/DVD (digital) hmanga hralh chhuah a nih dawnin, a neitu phalna lak hmasak a ngai.
iii. Mipui hma emaw intihsiakna emawa an sak dawnin, a neitu hnenah phalna an lak a ngai.
India Ram Phalna Pe Theitute Chu:
i. Indian Performing Right Society (IPRS)
ii. Phonographic Performance Limited (PPL)
iii. Indian Music Industry (IMI)

India Rama Inhremna Dan:
i. Copyright bawhchhiatna
ii. Court-a dan hmanga khinna, case siam sak
iii. Cheng nuai 2 thleng inchawitir.
iv. Kum 3 lung in tan te an ni.

AMERICAN IDOL LEH INDIAN IDOL-A MI HLA AN SAK DAWNA CONTESTANT TE DAN ZAWM NGAI TE:
i. Audition-ah hian mahni hla phuah emaw mi phuah emaw, mite la hriat lar loh hla chu sak phal a ni lo (no original compostion). He tih rual hian American idols-ah chuan hriatthiamna bik vawi hnih a lo awm tawh a. Kelly Clarkson’s in he show atana a phuah “A Moment Like This” tih leh Carrie Underwood-in “Before He Cheats” tih a phuah chu, intihsiaknaa sak tur leh record atana dan zawm ngai a zawm hman avangin.
ii. Contestant-te chuan a buatsaihtuten, a neitute hnen atanga phalna an lo lak tawh sa, sak theih tura hla an dah chhuah atang chauhin an hla sak tur an thlang thei
iii. A buatsaihtuten copyright leh thil dang engkim a felfai vek a ni tih an hriat chian chauh contestant ten an sa thei.
iv. Hla inchuh, a phuahtu hriatchian loh hlate sak phal a ni lo.
HLA SAK TUR FELFAI TIH HIAN HENGTE HI A HUAM VEK:
i. Show siamtu (producer) te chu music ti chhuaktu/phuahtu (publisher) leh phalna petu (licensing authority) te nen an thawk ho tur a ni.
ii. Zai turte hla thlan chu engkim a felfai ngei tih, intihsiaknaa an sak hmain a chiang vek tur a ni.
iii. Phalna hian online leh TV-a tih chhuahte, studio lama recording te, Digital leh CD/DVD hmanga sem darh te a huam vek a ni.
American Idol-a an Music Partner te chu:
i. Universal Music Group
ii. Sony Music Entertainment
iii. Warner Music Group
iv. EMI Music Publishing
Indian Idol Music Partner ve thung chu:
i. Sony Music Entertainment
ii. Universal Music India
iii. T-Series
iv. Saregama
American idols leh indian idols-a mi hla an sak man, lawmman (sum), hlawkna chu heng mite hian an lo dawng thin:
i. Hla phuahtu emaw a lo ti chhuaktu (publisher) emaw in.
ii. An hla sak kha a lar chhoh dan leh eng emaw tana hman a hlawh nasat chuan, hman an phalna man zat kha a dang/sang zel dawn a ni.
TLANGKAWMNA:
Felfai leh indawt dak thlarha ziah a har phian mai. A chhan chu India rama copyright an kalpui dan leh khawvel hmun danga an kalpui dante, a hranga sawi loa, sawi kawp zel kan duh si a. Mahse, uluk taka chhiar chuan kan man thiam vekin a rinawm tho e.
Digital khawvelah hian thil a awlsam tawlh tawlh mai a. Chutih rualin kan ram Mizoramah chuan thil hi a la harsa deuh niin a lang a, sum leh pai sen te a ngai thin nen. Hla phuahtu leh ziakmi te phei hi chu an la vannei thei rih lo a nih hi. Hming thatna leh mite hriat hlawhna ringawt lo deuh, kut hah man, ngaihtuahna sen nasat mante hi ram changkang te angin an thu leh hla atang hian tel ve thei zel tawh se. An thu leh hla avanga hausa ta hi sawi tur an awm ve nuk tawh ang. JK Rowlings ten Harry Potter an millionare pui ut ut thei bik si a.
Hetih lai hian, Mizo zaimi leh hla phuahtu thenkhat chuan an thu leh hlate digital lamah ti mai ila, copyright neitu nihna nei an awm ve tan ta nual a. Mi’n dil lovin, lo sain emaw, YouTube lamah emaw an lo dah a nih pawn, a hlawkna chu an tel zel thei dawn a, a lawmawm khawp mai.
Kan thuziak hi a sei ti in lo awm nual mai thei, heti chung pawh hian sawi kim loh leh sawi hmaih, sawi fiah tawk loh kan la nei nualin a rinawm. A famkim lo lai a awm chuan inhriatthiamah kan ti a ni ang chu. Kan thuziak hi source dah a rem thei meuh lo bawk a, google leh Meta AI nen tangkawpa kan ziah a ni tih min lo hriat sak dawn nia.