Article 370 nuaibo chungchanga inhnialna, eng vangin nge Supreme Court-in a ngaihtuah mek?

August 2019-a Centre in Jammu and Kashmir special status neihna Article 370 a nuaibo atangin Supreme Court Constitution Bench chuan khinna a ngaihtuah chhunzawm zel a.
Jammu and Kashmir India rama a beh dan te leh Constitution hran a neih dan te chuan a hun laia Kashmir leader leh Government of India te thawhhona tha leh eng tiangin nge State chu a awm zel dan turah inremna tha tak a awm a.
Tun hnaiah erawh special status a neihna nuaibona chuan tunah Court hmangin dan lama inbeihna nasa tak a thlen ta ni.

Eng vangin nge J&K hnenah special status pek a nih?
Independence hnu lawkah India rama a beh dan danglam tak avangin Jammu and Kahsmir hnenah special status pek a ni a. Ram inrelbawl thar India leh Pakistan karcheha awm a ni a, J&K chuan khawi ram zawk nge a zawm dawn a tichiang mai lo, a chhan ber pawh economic leh cultural lama inzawmna a neihpui ve ve vang a ni.
August 1947 khan Maharaja Hari Singh chuan ‘Standstill Agreements’ Paksistan leh India nen inremna awm sa anga kal zel a rawt a. Pakistan chuan a pawm nghal mai a, India erawh chuan inbiakna neihpuiah sawm zuiin mahse inremna engmah siam a ni lo.
October 1947 khan Pakistan lam atangin ‘plaincothes ha sipaite ralthuam tha nei pawisak nei lo’ tena an beih fo avangin a buai hle a. North-West Frontier atangin Kahmir-ah tribesman ralthuam tha kengte chu an lut reng bawk a, Maharaja chuan chungte chu Pakistan sorkar leh North-West Frontier Province te puihna tel lo chuan kalpui theih lohah a ngaih a ni.
Hei vang hian mangang takin khatih laia India Governor-General Lord Mounbatten hnenah October 26, 1947 khan India puihna ngenin lehkha a thawn ta a ni. Mahse, a state J&K chu India hnuaiah ‘Dominion of India’ chhunga a awm lo a nih chuan tanpuina an pek theih si loh avangin a lehkhathawnah chuan ‘Instrument of Accession’ a thil tel ta a ni.
Tiamkam nei lo erawh a ni lo va, Dominion legislature chuan Jammu and Kahsmir-ah dan siamah thuneihna a nei ang bak zawng thuneihna chu State kutah a awm ang a ti a. Chung subject te chu Defence, Foreign Affairs leh Communications te a ni.

Hun rei lote atan chauh a ni em?
Khatih lai khan India chu Government of India Act, 1935 hmanga rorelna hnuaiah a awm a. Jammu and Kashmir chuan kum 1939 atangin Constitution hran a nei tawh a. Instrument of Accession hnuaiah Hari Singh chuan remtihna an pe lo a nih chuan thlak danglam theih loh a ti a.
Constituent Assembly of India in Article 370 a pawm pawh khan ‘Instrument of Accession’ chu ngaih pawimawh em em a ni a. Hei vang tak hian Jammu&Kashmir status nuaibo chu historical term mai ni lo legal term thlengin inhnialna a awm zui ta zel a ni.

Article 370?
Mi tam tak te chuan Article 370 chu Jammu and Kashmir India rama bet a nihna awm chhun an ti a. He mi tel lo hi chuan accession chuan awmzia a nei lo an ti a. ‘Temporary provisions with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir’ tih hnuaiah core principle pathum a nei :
(a) Union List leh Concurrent List item chungchangah parliament in State tana dan a siamah Instrument of Accession kaihhnawihah huang chin a nei tur a ni a. Chutah pawh State sorkar nena inrawnna neih zel tur a ni
(b) List a awm thil dangah pawh Parliament chuan State sorkar remtihna chauhin dan a siam thei ang tih a ni a. Hei vang tak hian Article 370 nuaibo a nih hma kha chuan Indian law te chu J&K ah hman ve nghal ngawt theih loh a ni reng a ni.
(c) Article 1 (India Union of States tihna) leh Article 370 te chu J&K ah hman theih a ni ang a. Mahse, Constitution of India dang zawng te chu President-in Order a siam ang zelin kalpui theih chauh a ni ang tih a ni bawk a. President order pawh chu State sorkar rawn hmasa phawta puan theih chauh a ni bawk ang tih a ni bawk a.
Chu mai bakah State Constituent Assembly in a duh lo a nih chuan president order pawh chu hnawl theih a ni bawk ang tih a ni bawk.

Special status paih a nih dan?
Ruling BJP te chu an parent party, Bharatiya Jan Sangh te ang bawkin kum tam tak chu J&K special status nuaibo ngiat tawh an ni a. an tum tihlawhtling turin kum 2019 khan thuang thumin hma an la a. August 5, 2019 khan President Ram Nath Kovind chuan ‘State government of Jammu and Kashmir’ remtihnain order a tichhuak a. Khatih lai khan President’s Rule hnuaia an awm lai niin remtihna petu chu State Governor a ni. Order-ah chuan Constitution of India provision te chu Jammu and Kashmir-ah hman nghal theih a ni ang tih a ni a. He mi hmang hian Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954 leh a hnu zela amendment siam te chu a luahlan ta a ni.
Chumai chu a la tawk lo va, President chuan August 5-a Order a siamah chuan Aricle 370 definition chu a thlak danglam bawk a. Chumi tur atan chuan Article 367 of the Constitution provision te chu a belh tel ta a ni. Clause thar siam Jammu and Kashmir-a hman turah chuan ‘Sadar-i-Riyasat’ Council of Ministers te thurawn leh rawtna anga kal tur tih chu Govenor of Jammu and Kashmir tia sawifiahin a awm ta bawk a. State government references tin chu “the Governor” tih a ni ta vek bawk a. A pawimawh ber zawk chu Article 370 (G) proviso a “Constitutent Assembly” tih chu “Legislative Assembly of the State” tia thlak a ni ta a ni.
Parliament-ah resolution introduced zui niin Jammu and Kashmir chu Union Territories – ‘Jammu and Kashmir, chu Territory nia Assembly nei bawk leh Ladakh chu Territory mahse Assembly nei lo’ tura pawm a ni a. Hei bakah hian Parliament-ah vek Article 370 hman theih loh tura siamna resolution pawm a ni zui bawk a. President chuan August 6-ah Article 370 chu hnawl a nihna a puang zui ta bawk.

Supreme Court-a inkhinna awm mek chu?
Petitioner te chuan special status nuaibo a State thendarhna an khin mekah J&K status chu Constitutent Assembly-in Article 370 chungchangah dodalna a siam loh avangin permanent a ni lo tihna em ni tih te, Article 370 chuan Union government-in J&K leh India inlaichinna a duh dan dana a kalpui a dal thei em tih te, a hmaa Constituent Assembly hnathawhte khan permanent a ni lo em ni tih te bakah zawhna pawimawh tak tak la chai tur a awm a ni.