REVENUE DEFICIT GRANT(RDG) AWM TA LO HI MIZORAM TAN A PAWI DAWN

Prof. Vanlalchhawna
Finance Commission sawmparukna (FC-16) chuan State sum indaihlote tanpuina ‘Revenue Deficit Grant’ (RDG) a titawp ta a. FC-1 atanga FC-15 thlenga ruahman thin Revenue Deficit Grant tihtawp a ni ta mai hi State thenkhat chuan an ngaithiam lo hle. Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister phei chuan a ngaithiam lo hle. ‘Danpui hnuaia state te dikna leh chanvo ‘constitutional rights’ palzutna a ni’ a ti a. Budget pharh ni, February ni 1, 2026 kha Himachal Pradesh tan chuan ‘Ni lungchhiat thlak (black day)’ a ti hial a ni. Kum 1952 atanga FC ten an ruahmna thin Indian danpui Article 275(1) behchhana pek, Revenue Deficit Grant tihtawp hi ‘tlang ram state dinhmun hlamchhiahna a ni’ a ti bawk.
FC-16na hi tih tur pathum pek a ni a. Pakhatna, Danpui part XII, bung 1 hnuaia sawrkar laipui chhiah chi hrang hrang te state nen insemdan tur leh state hrang hrang chan tur ruahman. Pahnihna, Danpui chang 275(1) angin State sum indaihloh te tanpuina ‘grants-in-aid’ pek dan tur ruahman. Pathumna, Panchayat leh Municapility-te puala State sum tihpunsak dan tur ruahman. Hei bakah Disaster Management Act 2005 hnuaia sum pek dan chungchang ennawn theihna pek a ni bawk. FC 16 hian kum 5 (2026-31) chhunga sawrkar laipui leh state sawrkar ten sawrkar laipui chhiah an insem dan tur ruahmanna siam a ni.
Revenue deficit grants hi State zawng zawng pek an ni ngai lova. State tlem zawk, sum leh paia harsate chauh pek thin an ni. FC ten revenue deficit grant an ruahman dan hetiang a ni. State tin te anmahni puala sum an hmuh theih zat (Own revenue receipt) leh sum an hman dan an chhut phawt a; chumi hnuah sawrkar laipui chhiah atanga an chan tur zat (share in central taxes) an chhut leh a. Sawrkar laipui chhiah atanga an chan tur hisap hnua sum indaihlohna nei State-te chu tanpuina ‘grants-in-aid’ kum nga chhung atan a ruahman sak thin an ni. Hei vang hian Revenue Deficit Grant hi ‘Non-Plan/Post Devolution Revenue Deficit Grant (PDRDG)’ tih a nib awk thin. FC 15-na kha revenue deficit grant tihtawp dan kawng zawng tura tih a nih laiin State 17 hnenah a pe hlauh thung a ni.
Revenue deficit grant hi state rethei leh pachhe tan a hlu hle. State sawrkarin a mamawh dan anga a hman theih “untied fund’ a ni. Hlawh leh rotling thil siamnan emaw, hma thar laknan emaw an hmang thei. Grants-in-aid dang zawng hi hmanna tur awmsa ‘tied fund’ an ni thung. Tualchhung sawrkar pual tanpuina te, chhiah tawh thila tanpuina te, CSS zawng zawngte hi hmanna tur leh hman dan tur ruahman sa vek an ni.
Revenue Deficit Grant chungchangah inhnialna tawp thei lo a awm a. State thenkhat chuan ‘RDG avang hian State te hi chhiah lak leh inrenchem kawngah an inthlahdah phah’ an ti a. |henkhat chuan ‘State hrang hrang te hi hmasawnna kawngah an dinhmun a inchen lova; abikin tlang ram state te chu ‘infrastructure’ lamah an hniam a, thil man a sang bik bawk. Chuvangin state harsa bik te revenue deficit grants pek thin hi a awm hle. India danpui pawhin hei hi a ngai pawimawh a ni’ an ti thung.
FC-16 chuan ‘Revenue Deficit Grant hian beiseina dik lo ‘adverse incentive’ a siam a, hmu zel tura inngaihna a pe bawk; sum indaihlohna tihtawp an tum loh phah a, sum indaihlohna benvawn siamtu’ niin a ngai a. FC-16 chuan state sum dinhmunte zirchiangin, a bikin state chhiah lak zat te, sawrkar hnathawk hlawh te, leiba pung rulhna senso te, pension atana hmanral zat leh a thlawna thil sem ‘subsidy & tranfers’ atana sum an sen dan te thlirin, ‘state sawrkarte hian chhiah tam zawk an la khawm thei a, sum renchem dan kawng pawh an zawng thei’ a ti a. Hei vang hian revenue deficit grant ruahmanna a siam ta lova ni.
Revenue deficit grant hi Mizoram sawrkar tan a hlu hle. Sawrkar laipui chhiaha Mizoram chanvo (tax devolution) leh revenue deficit grant te hi kan mamawhna apianga kan hman theih, sum zalen ‘untied grant’ an ni. FC-15 rawtna angin Mizoram chuan revenue deficit grant cheng vaiblechhia 6544 a dawng a; kum tin cheng vbc 1309 hmu ang a ni. Revenue deficit grant kan hmu chung pawh a sum indaih lo, pukna tur zawng ruai reng kan ni. Revenue deficit grant awm ta hian State inrelbawlna kawngah harsatna tam tak a siam dawn a ni.
Kan hriat angin FC-16 rawtna angin sawrkar laipui chhiah atanga Mizoram chanvo hi zaa 0.564 a ni a. FC-15 ruahman zat 0.500 aiin tlemin a sang hret a ni. Mizoram chanvo pun chhan hi chhiah insemdan tehkhawng tihdanglam vang a ni. State zau zawng (Area) hlut zawng tihhniam a ni a; hei hian State lian leh te zawk te chanvo a pawt hniam a. Fiscal policy tehkhawng (tax & fiscal effort) tibovin, hemi aiah State hausakna (GSDP) hman a ni, a hlut zawng zaa 10 lai dah a ni. Hei hi State thenkhat an hlawkpui; Mizoram pawhin a hlawkpui ve a ni. Tehkhawng thar hi State zatve in an that pui a, a zatve dangin an chhiatpui thung.
Tunhnai hian Sawrkar laipui hi State tan a uikawm sawt hle niin a lang. Kum 2014 khan Planning Commission tihtawp a ni tawh a. Tun hnaiah Finance Commission ten state mamawh leh sector ngaih pawimawh bik puala rawtna an siam te sawrkar laipui hian a pawmpui ta mang lo niin a hriat bawk.
Mizoram hian Finance Commission hrang hrang hnuaiah hamthatna tam tak a lo dawng tawh thin a. Kan hriat angin FC-9 na khan UT leiba min thaibo sak a; FC-10na in Lengpui Airport bul tanna tur min pe bawk. FC-11 khan New Capital Project leh Raj Bhavan Complex sakna tur min pe leh a. FC-12na khan BAFFACOS atan cheng vbc 40 leh Sport Complex atan cheng vbc 25 min pe. FC-13 na hian min pe tam ber awm e; cheng vbc 250 min pe a ni.
FC-14na chuan sawrkar laipui chhiah a state chanvo (vertical share) chu zaa 32 atangin zaa 42-ah a tihsang a. State pual rawtna siam lovin; sector ngaihpawh bik atan sum faia pe lovin, ruahmanna thar siam lam a rawt thung a. FC-15na (2021-26) hian State/Sector Specific Grants atan rawtna a siam nual a; scheme awmsa atanga tihpuitlin nise tiin sawrkar laipui chuan a ti thung.
FC hmasa lam ten India ram fiscal federalism zah takin, state sawrkar tan ruahmanna tam tak an siam sak thin a. FC-16na-in State pual ruahmanna pakhat pawh siam lovin, RDG a titawp ta mai hian ngaihtuahna a tithui hle. India ram fiscal federalism kungpui pawimawh tak pakhat chu kih thlukin a awm leh ta a ni.
RDG hi tlang ram state tan a chhenfakawm zual; a tawp mai tur hi a pawiin, a uiawm tak zet a ni. India ram chuan fiscal policy rule mumal tak a siam a; state tam tam tak ten RDG tihbo dan tur mumal taka an kalpui mek laia FC-16na in RDG a titawp ta thut mai hi a hrilhai thlak hle a ni. Tunah chuan Mizoram sawrkar pawhin chhiah leh sawrkar sum tam zawk hai lut tura tan a lak a, subsidy leh a thlawna sem (cash transfer) chi te ruahmanna fel tak nen a kalpui a ngai dawn ta a ni.