September 21 khan international credit rating agency Moody’s Investor Service te chuan report, ‘Decentralised Finance and Digital Assets’ an tichhuak a, chutah chuan India-in Aadhaar a kalpui leh hman mek centralised biometric systems aiah decentralised digital identity system hman a tha zawk an ti a. Centralised ID systems Aadhaar te ang chu a security leh privacy a tha tawk lo tiin Aadhaar system chuan harsatna tam tak tawkin an sawisel bawk.
India-in chhang let
Sorkar laipui chuan na taka chhang letin Aadhaar chu ‘khawvela digital ID rintlak ber’ a ti zui a. Sorkar thuchhuah chuan, “He report siamtute hian an hriat loh chuan MGNREGS a Aadhaar seeding chu workers te biometrics hmang hauh lova tih niin workers te hnena payment pek te pawh an account a dah nghal niin workers ten pek a nih theih nan biometrics an hmang lo” a ti.
Aadhaar tul tihna
Aadhaar hi unique identification number Indian tin te hnena Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) in a pek a ni. Aadhaar tih naah mimal chanchin kimchang tak tak biometric fingerprints leh iris scans te neih vek niin hengte hi mimal danglam bikna lanfiahna a ni. Chungte chu Aadhaar database-ah dah that vek a ni bawk a. UIDAI in a tum ber chu khua leh tui tin tena welfare programme an dawn theih nana a lem te nuaibo a nih theih nan ID pek vek a ni.
Chumi hrefiah tur chuan Public Distribution System-a ration pek dan a hman theih a, ration card-ah hming lem emaw mitthi tawh te telh thin an ni a, chungte chu official takin ration dawng thei tawh lo tur an ni. Ration chu milem emaw dawt vek tena an lak loh nan sorkar chuan ration card database leh Aadhaar database chu a thlunzawm ta a. Miin ration a lak dawnin ration dealer hnenah biometrics emaw iris scan a hman a ngai ta a ni. Chu chu a tih zawhah internet hmangin Aadhaar database-ah tihchian turin a thawn ta nghal thin.
Sorkar chuan Aadhaar kalpui dan hi sorkarin khua leh tuite hnena cash transfer programme a lo kalpui tawh te aiin a thlang zawk a. A lem tihbo a nih hmangin sorkar chuan Aadhaar hmangin welfare scheme a sum pekte tam tak a hum tiin a sawi.
Sum faia peka Aadhaar pawimawhna
MGNREGA-a Aadhaar hmang turin thuang thuma kalpui a ngai a. Pakhatnaah chuan worker’s Aadhaar number chu a job card nena thlunzawm a ngai a. Pahnihnaah Aadhaar chu a bank account nen thlunzawm a ngai a, a pathumnaah a Aadhaar number chu a brank branch leh National Payments Corporation of India, Aadhaar-based payments tih nana clearing house nen a inthlunzawm a ngai bawk. Sorkarin mimal hnena sum a pek tur financial address atan chuan Aadhaar chu hman a ni tihna a ni. Mimal te chuan a sum chu Aadhaar nena inzawm an bank account neihna private banking kiosk emaw point of sale (PoS) machines atang pawhin an biometrics hmangin an la chhuak thei ta bawk a. Hei hi Aadhaar-enabled Payment System (AePS) tih a ni thung.
Aadhaar hmana sawiselna?
Ration chungchangah pawl tam tak te leh researchers te chuan eirukna nasa ber chu a tam leh tlem lamah a ni an ti a. A awmzia chu ration card neituin rice 35kg a lak theih laiin dealer chuan 30 kg chauh a pe a, chuta thil dik lovah chuan Aadhaar-in inrawlh theihna a nei tawh lo.
Hei bakah hian thingtlang hmun tam takah chuan ration shop a kal nawn fo te ngaiin internet facility tha tawk lo nen authentication a theih vek loh bawk a, phone connectivity that loh avangin OTP pawh a hna dawnin a awm lo bawk a, hei vang hian mi tam tak chan leh hlohna a thlen zawk tih a ni a. Authentication errors nasa lutuk chu Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) pawin report-ah an tarlang nghe nghe a.
Aadhaar-based payment a error awm thin avangin payment failure a thlen a, worker tam tak te chuan an Aadhaar leh account inthlunzawmna ber te pawh hre lovin hei hian harsatna a thlen bawk a. A thenah chuan an hlawh te pawh an account ni lova thun te ni bawkin Aadhaar kaltlanga payment tih te chu a diklo a nih pawhin tihthat leh ngaihna awm tawh lo tluk a ni bawk a ni.
Tuna harsatna tawh
Sorkar berin Aadhaar-based payment system chu MGNREGA ah tihmakmawh a tih avangin workers leh fiedl officials te chuan an dodal nasa hle a. Nikum chhung ngawt khan rural worker active tam tak te job card chu ‘ghosts’ tia hnawlin an awm tawh tih a ni a, nikum khan MGNREGA workers 19% te chu delete in an awm tih a ni bawk a, chu chu a kum hmaa a paih aiin a let li a tam an ni