SUSTAINABLE, INTEGRATED FARMING IN MIZORAM – 43

RK Dawla
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1. October thla tawp lam kan thleng leh ta a. Global warming kan tawn ve miau avangin 1000m hnuai lamah chuan, a la lum hle a, 30°C a la kai zak zak. Chutih laiin zingkar leh tlai dai a nuam tan a, zan lam boruak pawh a thiang nuam tawh hle. Kumthar lama Nimbu chin tumte tân leh seedlings siam duh tân, hun tlêm a la awm hlek a. Nimbu tang kha 6-8 inch vela seiin kan tan a, a lêr lam sarangin kan tuam a. Polypot-ah vitin, kan nursery kha a bang polythene/silpaulin hmangin kan tuam a, a chungah shadenet kan zar a. Tin, pot soil kha leitha lutuk a ngai lova, lei chunglang kan hmang mai a. Amaherawhchu, pot soil-ah khan 10% meihawl nawi kan telh thung. A awmzia chu lei chunglang rihkhawm tin 10 zelah meihawl nawi tin 1 kan chawhpawlh tihna a ni. Meihawl nawi hian zung chhuah hma tur leh chawr hma turin Commercial rooting hormone aiin a tha zawk, Nimbu-ah ngat chuan. Tichuan, ni 20 hnu velah a rawn chawr tan a. thal chhungin tuipêk erawh a ngai deuh nâ a, nakum fura phun hunah meuh chuan zung a tamin a chawr buk tha tawh hle thin. Tin, seedlings kan siamte hi hlîng (thorns/prick) nei chi a nih vangin, a hlîng kha kan tan chhum fai vek a, tichuan deh vel a nuam bawk. Greenhouse nei tân a awlsam leh deuh a, thlasik vanglai (Dec-Jan) tih chauh lovah chuan, kumtluanin a vih nun theih, greenhouse chhungah seedlings kan siam a nih chuan.
2. October thla hian leilung a la khaw ro lutuk lova, lei a la sâwng lutuk lo bawk a. Hei vang hian, thlai bul khuh (mulching) hun tha a ni e. Thlai bul khuh nan hian eng hmanrua pawh a hman theih deuh vek a, hnim ruang leh changel kung & hnah te, mau hnah leh thing hnah ilo pawh a hman theih vek a. Buhpawl hman hian ram-ar awmnaah chuan an thai darh ve duh thin a. Sazu a tinghal tel ve thei bawk. Hman kumah kuhva nursery karah buhpawl chhah tha takin kan rem a, tui pêk a hautak lovin kuhva tiak natna a awm lo hle mai a. Kan lawm viau laiin, a hnu deuha kan han check chian leh chuan, sazu khan buhfang an ei zawh khan kuhva kûng an lo seh thin a. Fimkhur a ngai viau mai. Tin, thlai bul khan khuh hian thlai kung atanga 6inch bial chu fai sela, mulch khan va khuh tel lo sela, ngêt rannung lakah a him deuh bawk. Tin, kuhva leh theidang pawh, nisa em nat lai (chhim chhawng leh tlâkdêng hawi)-ah, kuhva/thlai kung pang ni em lam kha chinai nung hnawih var a tha. Hei hian nisa em duk (sun scorch) tur a veng tha hle.
3. Khua a ro chho dawn a, tuipêk tur nei chuan, thlai tui pêk a hun tan a. Thla 3 thlaiho hi chu tuipêk nachâng kan hre tlangpui a, thlai kumhlun lam erawh tuipêk nachâng kan la hre lutuk lo deuh. Tin, tui lâk hrim hrim hi la ngaihthah kan awm nual bawk. Huana tui lâk emaw khawlna lian tha tak siam hi hna hmasa a ni ngei ngei tur a ni a. Tui lâk tel lovin kan tunlai khawvelah chuan, eng thlai mai pawh hi a derthawng deuh vek tawh. Tin, thlai kumhlun kan phunte hi an la têt laiin, a kung chhak lamah tuihawk tlin khawlna tur khuar siamsak a lukhawng êm êm. Heng khuarah hian lei chunglang kalral a luangkhawm a, tuihawk kha luang chhuak leh pawh nise, lei nawi tam tak a châmbâng a. Hei hi thlai lo thang chho zel tân a chhenfakawm ta thin. Tuihawk kan control loh chuan, lei chunglang kha huan mawngah a liam fê a, kan leilung a da thuai mai thin. Lei da tawhah chuan leitha pêk a hek bik a, thlai rah a hlawk lova, natna leh rannung vanga harsatna a hluar bawk thin e. Hmun khawro deuh leh tuipêk theihna ni si-ah chuan, thlai kumhlun hmuna bete chin tel hi a tha hle. Leiah betê kha zam buk sela, a kuang leh hnah tawihin leitha a siam hma hauh khan, a zung atanga tuichhuak (root exudates) leh a zunga bacteria vangin leitha tam tham tak a insiam thin a. Hei mai a la ni lova, bete kung leh hnah buk khan thal nisa-in leilung a khuh tur a veng tha hle bawk. Amaherawhchu, tui pêk ve zeuh zeuh a ngaih thin avangin, thlasika chin chu a buaithlak deuh.
4. Leilet siam thinte pawhin, buh kan seng zawh veleha buh ruang leh hnim to pheuh pheuh ringawt ai chuan, be lam chi bete/badam bial chhunga chin a tha hle. Leilung hi insiamtha tur te, a lei that a vawng nung reng tur chuan, thil engemaw tal a to nun reng a ngai a. Commercial farm lian tak takahte hian thlasik leilung khuhtu an uar hle thin, winter cover crops an ti mai thin a. Tin, buhtun lam chite hi thlasik laia chin theih an ni a, ran vulh mite tân chuan, buh seng zawh ruala buhtun lam (millet family) chin tel hi ran chaw intodelhna tha tak a ni pah bawk. Mizo farmer-ten kan hriat reng tur leh kan hriat nawn fo tura ka hriat chu – leilung duat ila. Fura a hnawng lutuk tur ven leh thal laia a khawro lutuk vên hi a ni mai a. Chutiang atâna operation man tlawm leh rintlak ber chu thlai tangkai engemaw hnanga leilung khuhtir reng kha a ni e