Debbie Rinawmi
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‘Historical Jesus’ tih hian a tum ber chu Isua nun leh zirtirna, zirna huang atanga chik zawka zirna (critical historical method) tiin a sawi mai theih awm e. He zirna hi sakhuana mit atanga kan thlir dan nen a danglam hret avangin ngaihdan pawh a tam hle a ni. He inhnialna hi kum zabi pathumnaah Kristian theologian-philosopher Origen-a chuan a lo tar lang daih tawh a ni.
Kum zabi 18-naah chuan zir bing mite chuan Enlightenment-in sakhuana leh khawtlang nun a thara hrilhfiah a tum te, modern science lo irh chhuak leh sakhuanaa indona lo chhuak, Reformation-in a chhunzawm te chu chi hrang hrangin an lo chhawn a, an lo uksak a ni. Chung zinga a hnarkaitu leh a bul te chu Pathian awm ring lo (atheist) te an ni a; midangte erawh Deism hnaih taka ngaihdan nei an ni thung a, rinna leh science suihfin an duh em em a ni. Pathian rinna awm sa pangngaiah chuan Pathian chu kan nunah tel vein a thilmak tih hmangin kan khawvel kalphung pangngai hi a pel a ni. Deist te erawh chuan Pathian chu kan khawvel nihphung leh leilung kalhmang siamtu a ni a; nimahse, heng leilung dan te hian thilmakte hi a huam tel lo niin an ngai a ni.
Deist zinga mi historical Jesus chungchanga huhang ngah tak chu German mi Hermann Reimarus hi a ni awm e. A thuziak lar tak chu ‘Apology for the Rational Worshippers of God’ tih a ni a; Reimarus ngaihdanah chuan sakhaw fing leh awmze nei tak chauhin mihring ngilneihna (humanity), adt hi an hlawkpui thei a ni. A ngaihdan nghet takah chuan Isua khan sakhaw thar rawn hmuh chhuah a tum lo va, Juda mite chu Rom thiltihtheihna leh awpna atanga chhanchhuaktu leh Israel chu ram zalena siamtu Messia angin a rawn intarlang a ni. He lal ram hi a din hunah chuan hausakna leh thiltihtheihna chu Isua hnungzuitute hian an intawm dawn a ni.
Historical Jesus chungchang buaipuitute zinga midang leh chu German mi tho David Friedrich Strauss a ni a, ani hian kum 1835-ah lehkhabu ‘The Life of Jesus Critically Examiner’ tih chu a ti chhuak a ni. Kum zabi 19-naa Pathian thu zirmi (theologian) tam zawk te chuan Deist te’n hrilhfiahna an siam dan hi an pawm ve a. Isua chungchanga an ngaih pawimawh zingah chuan a zirtirna (moral teachings) te kha a tel a, a thilmak tih te erawh an ngaihven em em lo a ni. Heng hun lai hian Second Temple Judaism leh Christianity tir lama lehkha pawimawh leh thuziakte an hmu chhuak a, chungte chu siam thata lehlin an ni a. Heng thuziak hluite hian Pathian thu (gospel) chu ngaihtuahna thar nena chhiar turin New Testament scholar te chu a pui a ni.
Neo-orthodox theology hnuaiah chuan historical Jesus chungchang zirna hi Kristian theology tan thil tul lo anga ngaih a ni a. Amaherawhchu, kum 1950 a lo thlen chuan Ernst Kasemann chuan historical Jesus chungchang hi a tharthawh leh a. Historical Jesus leh Kristaa kan rinna han khaikhin te hi Kristian rinna atan hian a tul hle niin a ngai a ni.
Heti a nih mek lai hian kum 1990 chho ah chuan zirmite zingah sawisel pawl an lo awm a, chung zingah chuan Dieter Georgi pawh a tel ve a. Ani hian ‘The Interest in Life of Jesus Theology as a Paradigm for the Social History of Biblical Criticism’ tih article hi a ziak a, he article hi kum 1992-ah Harvard Theological Review-ah chhuah a ni nghe nghe a ni.
Georgi chuan Reimarus leh midang te’n historical Jesus an buaipuiah hian awn lam an nei sa niin a ngai a; amaherawhchu, tum an nei a ni. Mi nawlpuiin Isua chungchanga ngaihdan vawn sa kan neih hi siam danglam an tum a; Pathian thu zirnaah Isua nihna dik tak nia an ngaih hi a lailum luahtir an tum a ni. Theology hmasa lam kha chu Hellenistic-Roman khawtlanga rin dan (cult) khan a hruai nasa hle a; medieval period tawp lam leh modern period tantir lamah erawh chuan Isua chu mihring theihna bak theihna nei (superhuman) angin an tuaipui leh em em a ni.
Kum 2006-ah Yale professor Wayne Meek chuan ‘Christ is the Question ‘ tih a ziak a, chutah chuan Isua nihna (identity) chu a hnungzuitute leh a thu chhiartute’n an siam niin a lo sawi bawk a ni.
American scholar John P. Meier chuan kum 1991, 1994 leh 2001-ah te ‘A Marginal Jew’ tih thupui hnuaiah historical Jesus chungchang hi volume thumin a chhuah a. He a thuziakah hian historical Jesus hi vawiinah engtin nge kan sawi ang tih te a chuang a ni. Historian ho chuan Isua hi zawlnei, Messia, thilmak titu leh zirtirtu angin an sawi thin a, amah Isua erawh chuan zawlnei anga inthuam emaw han Chet vel emaw a nei lo hle thung a ni. Entirnan baptistu Johana han hmang ta i la, ani chuan zawlnei inthuamna thin angin a inthuam a, chaw a nghei fo bawk tih a hmuh theih bawk a ni. Isua erawh chuan chaw nghei turin a zirtirte pawh a hrilh lo a ni. Sualna leh hremna ai chuan Pathianin misualte lam a hawizia a sawi uar a, a thu ken ber pawh lawmna leh hmangaihna a tih theih a ni.
Historical Jesus hi tuipuitu an tam a, tul lo ti pawl pawh thahnem tak an awm a ni. Hemi chungchang thuziakah pawh Kristiante tana a tangkaina hi zawhna anga siam a ni fo reng a ni. Isua thian ngaihtuahna thar (novum) pathum min zirtir a; hengte avang hian dotu a nei a, a thihna a thlen ni te pawhin a lang a ni. Pakhatnaah chuan Mosia thar angin a inlar a, Mosia’n thu a lo pek tawh te chu a thara hrilhfiahin Mosia chuan hetiang hian a zirtir che u a, kei erawh chuan…(Mat 5:21), heng te hian a sawifiah awm e. A dawt lehah chuan Sabbath serh chungchang a sawiah hian a changtu (subject) kan nih thu a sawi bawk a ni. A tawp berah chuan thianghlimna leh thatna te a sawi uar hle a. Thianghlimna chungchang bikah hian pawn lama thianghlimna hian chhungril a tleng fai zo lo tih chu a zirtir dan a ni.
Historical Jesus leh kan rin Isua hi kan inmihrantir em avangin Paul F.M.Zahl chuan history-a Isua leh kan rin Isua hi chuti taka danglam a nih chuan Kristian ni lo law law ang u a ti hial a ni. Kum 1892-ah khan New Testament theologian Martin Kaehler chuan ‘The So-Called Historical Jesus and the Historic, Biblical Christ’ tih essay a ziak a, he a thuziakah hian Isua chungchanga inhnialna hi tihtawp a tum a ni. Kristian scholar thenkhat te’n Isua nihna nia an hriat leh Kristian te’n rinnaa an ngaih ruat inkarah hian khi a awm a. Hei hian Kristiante ah zawhna tam tak a siam a; chuvangin historical Jesus hian Kristian sakhua tan chhiatna a thlen thei a ni. He thuziak hian mi rinna sawi nghin emaw sawi chhiat emaw a tum lo va; hriatna tizauvah ka’n han thai kawi ve a ni e, tawk phawt se.