RULE-BASED INTERNATIONAL ORDER
Laiu Fachhai
Khawvel indopui pahnihna a tawp khan, khatianga ram lian zawk leh chak zawkten ram te zawk leh chak lo zawkte an run zel tawh loh nan United Nations chuan dan a siam a, chu chu “RULE-BASED INTERNATIONAL ORDER” (RBIO) tia hriat a ni. Mizo tawng chuan tawifel deuhin, “Ram zawng zawngte zawm tur khawvel dan” tiin dah ta ila, a tum a thelh em lo ang chu maw. Chu rule-based international order chu UN Charter Article 2 (4)-ah kimchang taka dah a ni a, UN member ram zawng zawngten an pawm vek a ni. Chu dan chu tiang hian a tlângpuiin a khaikhâwm theih awm e: Khawvel ramte inlaichinnaah (international relations-ah) hian ram tin thuneihna a inang vek (sovereign equality of states) tih pawma, sipai chakna leh sum hausaknate inhman khum lova inzah tawnna nena inlaichinna neih; khawvel ram zawng zawngten international dan leh thuthlungte zah vek (respect for international law and treaties); buaina sutkian dawnin tharuma sukiang lovin remnaa sutkian tur (peaceful resolution of disputes); mahni inhumhimna a nih loh chuan sipai chakna hman loh tur, mahni humhimna atana sipai chakna hman tur a nih pawhin UN phalna awm ngei ngei tur; mihring dikna (human rights) humhalh tur; zalen taka khawvel pumpui insumdawn tawnna leh thawhhona neih tur (open trade and economic cooperation).
USA-in an ramah ruihtheihthil tawlhluhnaa inhnamhnawihna nei anga puhin, tunhnaiah Venezuela ram chu runin an ram hruaitu ni mek, sitting head of state (president) an man kha, mithiamte chuan UN Charter Article 2 (4) bawhchhiatna niin an sawi. Ram pakhat hruaitu (head of state) chu a sual emaw sual lo emaw, dictator a ni emaw ni lo emaw, inthlanna kalpui dan leh inthlan result puannaah inhnialna a awm avanga dan ang taka ram hruaitu (legitimate head of state) a ni an pawm emaw pawm lo emaw, UN ram pakhatin UN ram dang a run thei lo a, an ram hruaitu ni mek (sitting head of state) an man thei lo, tiin an hrilhfiah a ni. Linguistics, analytical philosophy, cognitive science leh political criticism lama mithiam, Massachusetts Institute of Technology leh University of Arizona ah te lo zirtir tawh Professor Noam Chomsky chuan, mithiamte mawhphurhna chu thudik sawi leh dawt pholang a ni, tiin a sawi a. A sawi ang chiahin khawvela mithiamte chuan Russia-in Ukraine a run khan rule-based international order bawhchhia a nih a, USA-in Vanezuela ram runa, an president a man pawh hi, UN Charter Article 2 (4) bawhchhia niin an sawi a ni. Venezuela ramah chauh a ni lo, Super Power ramte, a bik takin USA, chuan rule-based international order an bawhchhiat reng thu USA rama mithiamte ngei, New York khawpui Columbia University-a Political Science Professor John Mearsheimer leh Economics Professor Jeffrey Sachs leh mithiam dangte chuan an sawi chhuak reng thin a ni. Prof. Sachs chuan Venezuela chungchanga UN Security Council emergency meeting (Jan 5, 2026) ah USA sawrkar chetzia thin dik lo leh tha lote tiang hian a sawi a, a zavai deuh thawhin tarlang ila a tha awm e.
“Vawiina Council-in a ngaihtuah tur thil hi Venezuela sawrkar nungchang (character) a ni lo. Ngaihtuah tur chu, UN member ram pakhatin tharum (sipai chakna) hmangin emaw, intihluihnain emaw, economics-a inhreknain emaw Venezuela politics hma lam tur relsak theihna thuneihna a nei em, Vanezuela ram kal dân tura khuahkhirhna leh thunun theihna a nei em, tih chungchang a ni zawk. He zawhna hi United Nations Charter Article 2(4) nêna inzawm tlat a ni. Chu Article chuan UN ram pakhatin eng UN member ram pawh ni se, vauna leh tharum hmanga a ram himna leh politics-a a zalenna tihchhiat a khap tlat a ni. Council hian he khapna thupek hi a vawng tlat dâwn nge, a bânsan dâwn tih hi thutlukna a siam tur chu a ni. Bânsan a nih chuan, nghawng hlauhawm tak tak a nei dâwn.
“1947 atang khan United States foreign policy chuan tharum thawh, a ruka thiltih (covert action) leh politics siksawi leh tihdanglam (manipulation) te a ching hle a. Hei hi historical record-ah chiang taka ziah lan a ni hlawm nghe nghe. Lindsey O’Rourke lehkhabu Covert Regime Change (2018) ah chuan, 1947 atanga 1989 chhûng chauhin US-in ramdang sawrkar thlâk tumna (regime change) vawi 70 lai a kalpui tawh thu a sawi. He USA thiltih dânte hi Cold War tâwp hnû pawh hian a la tâwp lo. Kum 1989 atangin UN Security Council (UNSC) phalna tel lova US-in ramdang sawrkar thlâk tumnaa a tihhlawk berte zînga langsar zualte chu: Iraq (2003), Libya (2011), Syria (2011 atangin), Honduras (2009), Ukraine (2014) leh Venezuela (2002 chho atangin) te kha a ni. US in ramdang sawrkar thlak hna a kalpui dânte chu chiang taka ruahman a ni a, ziah fel vek a ni. Chûng zîngah chuan pawnlang taka runna leh indona; a ruka enthlatute tirhna leh enthlatute thiltih; a rama buaina chawh chhuah; silai keng underground te puih; mass media leh social media te tihdanglam leh lamtanga siam; sipai leh civil sawrkar officer te thamna pek; thlan bikte thah; thil tha lote tiha chu chu hmelmate tiha puh; sum leh pâi-a (economics-a) hremnate hmanga civil mite chungah harsatna leh tuarna nasat taka thlentirte a tel. Hêng thiltihte hi UN Charter bawhchhiatna a ni a, a tâwpah chuan indona tawp hlei thei lo, thihna thlentu buaina, politics ngheh lohna (ram buaina) leh civil mipuite tawrhna nasa tak a thlen thîn a ni.
“Venezuela chungchâng bikah chuan tunhnaia US thiltih chu chiang taka hmuh theihin a awm a. April 2002 ah khan, US chuan Venezuela sawrkar paihthlak (coup) tumna a awm thû a hria a, a pawmpui. Kum 2010 atangin US chuan sawrkar dodâlna kawngzawh (protest) hmanga che chhuak civil society group-te sumin a pui thin, a bîk takin 2014 ah. Chûng kawngzawhtute chu sawrkarin a khawih letin US chuan hremna (sanction) hrang hrang a belhchhah zel. 2015-ah khan President Barack Obama-in Venezuela chu “United States ram himna leh foreign policy atâna dân pângngai ang loa hlauhawm danglam tak a ni,” tiin a puang. UN General Assembly 2017 denchhena zanriah ei khawmnaah President Trump chuan Venezuela sawrkar paihthla turin US chuan Venezuela run tura rawtna chu pawnlang takin Latin America hruaitute a sawipui. 2017 atanga 2020 chhûngin, US chuan Venezuela sawrkar tuialhthei (oil) company chu nasa takin a hrem a, an tuiahthei hralh theih loh turin khapna dan khauh tak a siam. Chuvangin 2016 atanga 2020 chhûngin Venezuela-in tuialhthei a siamchhuah chu 75%-in a tlahniam ta a, GDP per capita pawh 62%-in a tlâhniam ta a ni.
“Chutianga ram mal pakhatin ram dang pakhat chungah hremna a kalpui chu UN General Assembly chuan thil tha lo leh thil dik lo a nihzia member ram tam zawk (overwhelming majority) pawmpuinain thutlukna a siam nawn leh thin. International law-ah chuan, chutianga hremna (sanction) kenkawh theihna thuneihna neitu chu Security Council chauh a ni. January 23, 2019-ah US chuan Juan Guaidó chu Venezuela “interim president” a ni tiin amah mal chauhin (unilateral-in) a puang a, January 28, 2019 ah ram pâwn lama awm Venezuela ram sum USD 7 billion vel chu a khârsak a, Guaidó chu Venezuela sum leh pai thenkhat chungah thuneihna a pe a ni. Hetianga a thiltihte hi, Venezuela sawrkar thlakna atana US chuan kum 20 kal ta atanga a lo ruahman tawh kal zel a ni. Tûnhnaiah pawh hian US chuan khawvel ram hrang hrangah buaina a chawk chhuak bawk a. Nikumah khan United States chuan ram sarihah bomb a thlak a, chûngte chu Security Council phalna tel lo leh Charter-in a phal chin self-defence hmanga tih an ni lo. Chûng ramte chu Iran, Iraq, Nigeria, Somalia, Syria, Yemen leh tûna Venezuela ramte hi an ni. Kan hnung thlaah pawh khan President Trump chuan UN Member ram parukte chu a vau a, chûngte chu Colombia, Denmark, Iran, Mexico, Nigeria leh Venezuela te an ni.
“Thil pawimawh ber chu hei hi a ni. Council member-te hi Nicolás Maduro chungchanga rorel tura koh an ni lo. United States-in tunhnâia Venezuela a runna leh tui lam kawng khârna (naval quarantine) a kalpuinate hian zalênna a thlen dâwn nge, thuhnuaia dahna a thlen zâwk dâwn tih rorêl tûra koh pawh an ni hek lo. Council Member-te hi international law, a bîk takin United Nations Charter vawng him tûra koh an ni zâwk. Khawvel Indopui Pakhatna a tawp khan, chhiatna awm leh thei tur titawp turin League of Nations din a ni a, international law duan a ni. Nimahsela khawvêl ram hruaite chuan international law chu kum 1930 atangin an vawng ta tlat lo a, chuvangin khawvêl pum huapah indona hial a lo awm thar leh a nih kha. United Nations hi, chutianga dan mumal awm lohna avanga khawvela buaina leh chhiatna awm thin pumpelhna tura a vawi hnihna atana mihringte thiltih ropui tak a ni a. Charter chuan UN hi “Indona avanga kan dam lai ngeia vawi hnih lai kan tawnhriat tawh mihringte lungngaihna leh tawrhna chhiar sên lohte chu chhuan lo la awm zel turten an tawnhriat ve lohna tur atana din a ni,” tiin a sawi a ni. Tunah phei chu nuclear khawvelah kan awm a, thil tihsual nawn leh hun a ni tawh lo. Chuti lo chuan mihringte hi kan mang vek dawn. Hun remchang vawi thumna a awm tawh lo ang. Chuvangin UN hian Charter-in a duan anga a mawhphurhna a hlen theih nân, Security Council chuan hêng thilte hi dinpuia, a tih nghal a tul a ni:
“United States chuan a ruh lang leh lang loa Venezuela vauna emaw, tharum thawhna (sipai chakna) hman khum tumna emawte a chawlhtir nghalin a titawp nghal tur a ni. Security Council phalna tel loa tui lam kawng khârna (naval quarantine) leh sipai chakna hmanga thununna a kalpui zawng zawngte a bânsan vek tûr a ni. Thununna atana a hman Venezuela chhûng leh a vêla a sipai leh ralthuamte, enthlatute, lawng leh lawng sipaite, thlawhna leh thlawhna sipaite leh thil dangte a hnûk lêt vek tur a ni. Venezuela chuan UN Charter leh Universal Declaration of Human Rights-a mihring dikna vawn tûrte chu a zawm tlat tûr a ni. Secretary-General chuan a rang thei ang berin Special Envoy a ruat ang a, chu mi chuan Venezuela leh ram pâwn lama mi pawimawhte nên thawk hoin, ni 14 chhûngin Charter nena inmila rawtna a siam ang a, Security Council chuan chu rawtnate chu ngai pawimawhin hmanhmawh takin a tipuitling tûr a ni. Member ram zawng zawngte chuan Charter zawm tlatin Security Council thuneihna tel loa anmahni mala vauna emaw, thunun tumna thiltih emaw, ralthuam hmanga thiltih emaw, an ti miah tur a ni lo. A tawpah chuan, remna leh mihringte dam chhuahna tur chu United Nations Charter hi international law hmanraw nung a ni zel ang em, awmze nei tawh loin a chul mai dawn nge tihah a innghat a ni. Chu chu vawiinah Council hmaa duhthlan tur awm chu a ni e.”
Ni e, khawtlang lam ramte khuan democracy championpui angin an insawi thin a, a nihna dik takah chuan sum leh paia (economically-a) an hlawkna tur a nih phawt chuan democratic norms te palzut an pawisa lem lo. An double standards thin hle. “Might is right” tih thu kha a la nung reng a nih hi maw! UN kal dan pawh hi a democracy lo hle. General Assembly aiin Security Council a lal zawk a, ram pangaten Security Council-ah veto power an nei tlat mai. Security Council-a veto power hmang theih ram pakhat chuan UNSC member ram sawmpali ten tha an tih leh an pawm rawtna (bill) a paihthla thei tlat a ni. USA-ah pawh President’n veto power a neih ve. India parliamentary democracy kaldanah chuan Prime Minister pawh parliament sessionah a tel ve thin a, MP ten PM thiltih dik lo leh tha loa an ngaihte hmaichhanin an sawi thei a, zawhnate pawh an siam thei. USA-ah erawh chuan an President chu house, senate leh joint sessionah te a tel ve a ngai kher lo avangin memberten President thiltih lungawi lohna an neihte leh zawhna an neihte hmaichhana sawina chance a awm lo. Tuna US in Venezuela ram runa, an president a man pawh hi, a democracy lo hle a, rule-based international order bawhchhiatna a nihzia mithiamte thusawi kan tarlan tawh a. Ruihtheihthil leh Venezuela ram chu democracy ram nih tir tumna te chhuanlama hmangin an tuialhthei leh natural resources dangte chungah thununna a kenkawh duh vang a ni zawk e, titute an tam a ni. UN member zawng zawngin an pawm UN Charter Article 2 (4) hi Super Power (USA, etc) te chuan an bawhchhiat reng thu kan sawi tawh a. Tunhnaia USA leh Venezuela inkara buainaah pawh hian, Super Power USA chuan UN Charter hi bawhchhiat mahse, a silaite a lianin sum a ngah si a, chuvangin thiam loh chantir ngam ram leh court an awm ang em, tih i thlir chhin phawt ang u. Super Power ten rule-based international order an zah lohna leh bawhchhiatna a kal zel a nih chuan khawvel hmalam hun tur ngaihtuahin a lungchhiat thlak hle.
Mizoramah pawh hian rule-based state order kan nei ve a, chu chu khua leh tui zawng zawngten zawm vek thei ila chuan, kan ram hi ram nuam leh ram muanawm a ni zel ang. Entirnan, zu khapna dan kan neih hi, ramin a thatpui leh thatpui lo lam inhnialna awm theih chu thu hran ni sela, a hmasa berah politiciante leh sawrkar hnathawkten an dam siam chu zawm vek sela chuan, mipui lam chuan kan entawn ang a, kan zawm ve theiin a rinawm. Dan leh dun dangte pawh chutiang bawkin. Buaina a awm thin hi sawrkar mi leh saten sawrkar dan an zawm tha lo a, kohhran memberten kohhran dan leh sawrkar dan kan zawm that loh vang a nihzia hriaa, dan zawm tha khua leh tui leh kohhran member nih i tum theuh ang u.
Lalpa avângin mihring dâna thuneitute hnênah intulût rawh u; thuneitu sâng ber, lalber thu chu awih ula, thil sual titute hrema, thil tha titute chawimawi tûra a ruat ramawptute thu pawh awih rawh u (1 Petera 2.13-14).