INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW A|ANGA HMEICHHE DIKNA CHANVO THLIRNA: HMASAWNNA LEH HMATHLIR

Debbie Rinawmi

Hun rei vak lo kal taah khan inngaizawng inkara kut inthlakna, hmeichhe chunga hleilenna kan hmu a. Thenkhat chuan chawpchilhin ngaihdan kan lo siam a, a hmeichhia kha demna thu hial kan chhak chhuak a, mi hrehawm tawrh laia fiamthu thawh nana mawl taka lo hmang zui an awm a. Heng hunah hian a tuartu lo dem a, tlansan daih mai awm ti te an awm thin a; heng thil thlengte hian mipa leh hmeichhiate ngei pawhin mihring dikna chanvo kan neih kan hriat tawk lohzia a pho lang a, heng thute hi sawia ziak a ngaih fop hah thin a nih hi!
Human rights chhungah hian women’s rights hian ngaihven leh ngaih pawimawh a hlawh nep thin hle a. Indopui II-na hnu lamah hian international human rights law hian kawng a sial nasa hle a – hemi kawngah hian Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) te, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) leh Beijing Platform for Action te hian hma an la nasa hle a. Heti hi ni mah se hmun thenkhat, a bikin mipa rorelna (patriarchal society) ah te chuan heng hmeichhe dikna chanvote hian hriat a la hlawh lo hle a ni. International law ah pawh hian hmeichhe dikna chanvo ngaih pawimawh a nih hi a la rei lo hle a, human rights movement hmasa lamah pawh women’s right hi agenda-ah la tel a ni lo a nih kha.
UDHR ATANGA CEDAW HMASAWNNA KAILAWN: Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) hi kum 1948-a United Nations General Assembly hmalakna a ni a, human rights chungchang ni mahse chiang taka gender chungchanga inthliarhranna lam erawh a sawi lang lo a ni. UDHR-a article 1 chuan mi zawng zawng hi dikna leh chanvo ah zalen leh intluktlang vek kan ni tih chauh hi a tar lang a ni. A tak taka hmalakna nei hmasatu chu kum 1979-a neih Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) kha a tih theih awm e. Hmeichhe tan bika international bill of rights tia sawi thin CEDAW hian kawng hrang hrang- ram inrelbawlna kawngah te, ei leh bar zawnna kawngah te, khawtlang nunah te leh hnam thilah pawh hmeichhia leh mipa nihna avanga inthliarhranna (gender based discrimination) awm thin te chu tih bo turin hma a la nasa hle a. Heti lam hawi zawng leh hmeichhe dikna chanvo humhalhna kawngah chuan a langsar pawl leh thawh hlawk tak a ni chho ta zel a ni.
BEIJING PLATFORM FOR ACTION LEH A DANGTE: He Beijing Platform for Action hi kum 1995-a Beijing-a neih Fourth World Conference on Women in a hrin chhuah a ni a. He hmalakna hian hmeichhiate hmasawnna leh hamthatna tur kawng hrang hrang sawmpahnih lai an huam a. Heng zingah hian hmeichhiate chunga hleilenna te, hriselna leh zirna kawngah te, ram inrelbawlnaa tel ve te a tel a ni. CEDAW leh Beijing Platform for Action bakah hian khawvel pum huapa hmalakna hrang hrang a awm a, chung te chu- Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), International Labour Organization’s (ILO) conventions on gender equality in the workplace, leh United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolutions on Women, Peace, and Security (a bik takin UNSC Resolution 1325) te hi an ni a, an tangkai hle a ni.
Hmeichhe chunga hleilenna leh tihduhdahna, adt chungchangah hian Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women (1993) leh Istanbul Convention (2011) te hian dan ang taka hmalak a nih theih nana hmalatu tangkai tak an ni a; International Criminal Court (ICC) hi henga tisualtu leh kut thlaktu hremna kawnga hmalatu an ni bawk a ni.
HMASAWNNA DALTU THENKHATTE: Hmasawnna tam tak a awm tawh tih chu phat rual a ni lo va, mahse mipa lalna leh rorelna hmunah chuan chhungril taka hmeichhe dikna chawisanna hi a la awm lo hle a ni; hmangaihna kawrawng an sawi ang deuhin heng hmasawnna te hi a pawnlang a, chhungrila han thlawptu an tlem em em a, mipa chauh ni lo, hmeichhiate thlengin thlawp lem lo an thahnem hle a ni. Kan nun hona kawng tam takah hian hmeichhiate hian an chanvo chan loh an ngah hle a, heng te hi sakhuana nena thlunzawm an ni hlawm a. Engpawh mai hi sakhuana nena sawi zawm a nih chuan mawlmang taka thlawp tur emaw tihna te, rilru fim pu hman lova thutlukna siam mai te hi a awl hle a ni.
A dawt lehah chuan dan tha tak awm mah se, a kenkawh lamah hian kan chak lo hle thin a. Hei hi chu khawvel hmun dangah leh Zoramah ngei pawh hian hmasawnna daltu lian tak pakhat a ni. Tun hmain hmeichhiate kutthlak leh tihduhdah te Zoram hriatah a thleng fo va, a titu na taka dan hmanga hrem an nih hi hriat tur a vang thin hle a; a tuartu dem tawk ta daih pawh an awm fo a ni. Tumah hian na tawrh kan duh lo va, ka rilru hlauhna hmanga thunun a nih tawh chuan kan duh dan angin kan awm thei lo fo a ni. ‘Na taka dem’ ringawt hi a tawk lo va, hmalaka a tisualtuin hremna a tawh ngei hi dikna kan duh tak tak a nih chuan a ngai hle a ni.
Zoramah pawh hian hmeichhe pawl kan nei ngei mai a, anni zarah hmeichhiate’n hamthatna tam tak kan chang a. Nimahsela, tun hunah chuan hmalakna tur a danglam tawh a. Hmeichhe nungchang tha lo nia hriat te chungah chauh hma la lovin tupawh, mi rethei emaw mi hausa emaw pawh ni se tihduhdahna tawk an awm chuan hma la ngam turin han huaisen deuh deuh se la, a nih loh chuan an tangkaina tur hi hmeichhhia zawng zawng ban phak a ni dawn ta lo tlat a ni.
Kan khawtlanga thil thleng tam takah hian mi rethei leh hmeithaite hmuhsitna a la langsar em em a; heng te hi human rights law bawhchhiatna vek a ni tih kan hriat nawn fo a tul a; kan sakhuanaa thatna leh dik duhna te hian khawtlanga mi hniamte leh dinhmun tleute hi thleng phak mawlh rawh se.