Tu te nge Yemen rama Houthis te? Harsatna siamtu ni em?

Zaydi revivalist movement a bul Tan chu tunah chuan Yemen-a war machine turu ber ni tawhin Israel-in Gaza a beih duhlohna avanga Red Sea a oil tanker te beia harsatna siamin regional crisis turu tak tichhuak thei reng a ni tawh.
Kum 2000-a second intifada Palestinian territory-a a chhuah khan Houthis te chuan soilidarity protest an nei a. Chumi hnuah kum 2001 khan United States-in Afghanistan a beih khan duhlohna an lantir tawh bawk a. Iraq indo hnu khan slogan thar ‘Death to America, death to Israel, curse ip Jews, victory to Islam’ an aupui bawk.
Khatih lai khan mi tlemte chauhin Sa’dah northern province-a Maraan Mountains-a tribal group lian lo tak te hi Yemen-a war machine powerful ber niin Red Sea shipping lane tibuai hialin US in anmahni beihlet nan multinational naval task a din hial ang tih an ngaihtuah pha lo.
October 7-a Hamas tena Israel an neiha Israeli 1,200 chuang an tihhlum vanga Israel-in Gaza a run hnuah mi tam tak te chuan Lebanon a Hezbollah lian tak awm nen helai bial velah buaina nasa zawk a chhuah an hlau sa tawh a. Mahse, tun thlengin Hezbollah leh Israel te chu an la insum ve ve rih a. Mahse, Yemen capital Sana’a thununtu Houthis te erawhin Red Sea coast ah Israel nena indo an puang der tawh thung. A hmasa berin missile leh drone-in Israel an bei a, chumi hnuah Red Sea paltlang lawng te an bei leh a, hei vang hian tanker company te chuan khawvel lawng sumdawnna kawng lun ber hi an kal ngam tawh lo.

A bulThut
Houthi movement bulThut hi Believing Youth” (Muntada al-Shahabal-Mu’min), Hussein al-Houthi eh a pa Badr al-Din al-Houthi tena kum 1990 tir lama Zaydi revivalist group an din aTanga inTan a ni. Badr al-Din kha northern Yemen a Zaydi cleric thiltithei leh ngaihsan tak a ni a. Kum 1979-a Iranian revolution leh southern Lebanon kum 1980 chhoa Hezbollah lian zel chuan tiphurin Badr al-Din leh a fapa chuan social leh religious network lian tak Yemen a Zaydis te zingah an din ta a ni, Zaydis te hi Sunnni-majority ramah hian hmun thuma Thena hmun khat vel lawih an ni a. Zaydis tih pawh hi Zayd Bin Ali, Imam Ali, Prophet Mohammed a cousin leh makpa ni bawk Shias leh Zaydis tena an duhzawng tak hming chawia sak a ni. Zayd Bin Ali khan kum zabi riatnaah Ummayad Caliphate lakah helna a chawk chhuak a. Thah a ni a, mahse, a martarna chuan Zaydi sect te a piantir ta thung a ni. Zaydis te hi Islam-ah pawh Shia branch nga ngaih niin mahse an theology leh practice thilah chuan Iran, Iraq leh Lebanon a ‘Twelver’ Shias te nen an in ang lo thung.
Kum zabi tam tak chu Zaydis te chu Yemen a sect thiltithei tak an ni a. Kum zabi 16 khan imamate dinin kum zabi 17 khan Yemen aTangin Ottoman an um chhuak a. Mahse imamate chu tluchhiain kum zabi 19 khan an keh darh a, a chhan ber pawh Ottomans te beihna reng leh Arabia a Wahhabism influence san zel vang a ni ber. Kum 1918-a Ottoman Empire a tlukchhiat khan Zaydis te chuan northern Yemen-ah thuneihna sawhnghet lehin Mutawakkilite Kingdom an din a. Kum 1962 thleng khan awhin Egypt thlawp Republicans te chuan monarchy chu an tithlu ta a ni. Chuvang chuan royalists te chu hmar lam tlangah tlanchhiaa inkulh Saudi Arabia thlawpnain helna an chawk chhuak zui ta reng a. Mahse, kum 1967 khan an helna chu hlawhchhamin Yemen-a Zaydi era chu a tawp zui ta a ni.
Badr al-Din al-Houthi leh a fapa Hussein tena ‘believing Youth’ an kalpui khan an tum ber chu Zaydi minority te pumkhata siam a ni a, southern Lebanon a Shia Hezbollah te intelkhawm That anga kalpui an tum a ni. Mahse, an movement chu a politicial tak hnuah Ali Abdullah Saleh ‘corrupt’ regime leh US war on terror a kalpui a thlawpna chu an bei ta a ni, chu tak chu Saleh tan chuan tawrhhlelhawm tak a ni a.
Ansar Allah (Partisans of God) intiin hmar lama tribe-te chu kokhawma tiphurin sorkar laka hel tur leh ‘Death to America’ an aupui ta a ni. Kum 2004 khan Saleh sorkar chuan Hussein al-Houthi manna tur thupek a chhuah a. Chu chu duh lovin a hel zui ta a, September thlaah sorkar sipaite chuan helte chu beiin Hussein chu an that ta a ni. Khata Tang khan sorkar chuan Zaydi tamna Sa’dah ah military campaign a nei fo va, Zaydi te chuan an hotu ‘martar’ hriatreng nan Houthi movement an inti ta a. Sorkar chetlakna chuan Houthis te chu tichak zawkin kum 2010 a inkahhaina an puan meuh kha chuan sorkar sipai kut aTangin Sa’dah chu an chhuhsak der tawh.

Sana’a pana kal
Kum 2011-a Yemen-a Arab Spring protest thlenga Tunisian leh Egyptian dictator te paihthlak an nih phahna kal zela lungawilohna a chhuah khan Houthis te chu lungawilohna kha an thlawp a. President Saleh pawh kum 33 rorelna a chan hnuah bangin thuneihna chu a deputy Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, Saudi thlawp Sunni kutah a hlan a ni. Yemen chu Saudis leh Emiratis te fachuam ni tain harsatna chinfel nan hmalak zui a ni a, Houthis te pawh inbiaknaah an tel ve bawk. Mahse, federal solution siam tuma Hadi ruahmannaah Zaydi te tamna hmar lam chu province pahniha Thendarh tuma movement tihchak loh tum a ni tih an hriat hnuah an hel zui leh ta a ni.
Interim sorkarin an hnawl Saleh chuan a hmelma hlui Houthis te chu thlawpin joint military operation an nei ta a. January 2015 khan Houthi-Saleh alliance chuan Sana’a khawpui bakah northern Yemen pum deuhthaw chu an thuhnuaiah dahin heng zingah hian pawimawh em em Red Sea coast pawh a tel a ni. (A hnuah Houthis te chuan Saleh chu hnawlin December 2017 khan thahin a awm) Yemen a Houthis te chakna chuan Riyadh tihlauthawngin Houthis te chu Iranian proxies anga a ngaih a ni a. Saudi Arabia chuan Defence Minister thar Mohammed Bin Salman kaihhruainain March 2015 aTang khan Houthis te chu nuaichimih tumin military campaign a nei ta a ni. Mahse, Houthis te chuan tlawm mai an tum der lo, vansang aTangin Saudi Arabia chuan a bei viau a, mahse, lei lamah puitu tak tak awm bawk si lo chu Saudi chu a zuai zui ta a ni.
US leh Saudi chuan Iran chu Houthis te thlawp tu leh engkim tumsak tu an ti a. Saudi air strike chhanlet nan houthis te chuan northern Yemen aTangin Saudi chu an bei bawk a. Kum 2019 khan Houthis te chuan Saudi oil installation pahnih beiin hun eng emaw ti chhung chu Saudi chuan oil siakchhuah lamah harsatna a tawh phah a ni.

Hel aTangin roreltu
Houthis te chuan hmar lamah sorkar an din a. Supreme Political Council, an president Mahdi al-Mashat kaihhruai chu an rorelnaa executive branch a ni. Mohammed Ali al-Houthi, Husseina unaupa chuan movement a kaihruai thung a. Saudis leh Houthis te indonaah inpuhna nasa tak a awm a, Saudi bomb thlak chuan civilian thihna a thlen nasa a, chutihrual chuan right group te chuan Houthis te chu mipui nawlpui te Tanpuina tur pek luh remti duh lova tharum hmanga civilian leh peaceful protester te beiah an puh ve thung.
Tunah erawh Yemen-ah inkahhai a awm mek thung a. Saudi Arabia, a tir lama Yemen-a Houthis te nuaichimih tumtu chuan Yemen nena a ramri a harsatna a awm loh nan Houthis mai bakah Iran te nen inbiakna a kalpui bawk. China hmalaknaa March 2023 a Iran-Saudi reconciliation agreement chuan inkahhai chu a tinghet zual bawk a, Yemen ram chhungah Houthis te an insawhnghet tial tial bawk.
Israel-in Gaza indona a kalpui hnuah Houthis te chuan remchangah lain Israel leh Israel nena inzawm lawngte chu an bei ta Thin a ni. An beihna avang chuan khawvela tanker company lian ber ber Maersk leh Hapag-Lloyd te pawhin Red Sea a operation an neih chu an titawp tawh bawk a. Houthis te chuan Gaza indona a awm chhung chuan Israel-linked vessels te chu an bei zui zel ang an ti bawk a. Mahse, khawvelin a nawr chungin Israel chuan Gaza a beihna chu a chawlhsan duh lo va, Red Sea tuipui chungchang chuan inhnialna leh harsatna a la siam zui zel hmel