BUDGET 2023-24 LEH MIZORAM HMASAWNNA

By Prof. Vanlalchhawna
Mizoram Budget 2023-24 chu Mizoram Legislative Assembly-ah sawiho niin, remtih a ni ta a. Kum hnih zet Covid-19 hripui leng avangin ei-sum zawnna leh sawrkar sum dinhmunin a chhiatphah a; tunah hian leirem kan rap tan leh mek a. Kum 2023-24 budget atang hian Mizoram hian hmasawnna rahbi thar hmuh tur a nei dawn em? tih hi kan ngaihtuah ho dawn a ni
State thawhchhuah a tlem hle
Kum 2023-24 Budget-ah hian Revenue receipt atanga State thawhchhuah ve tur beisei zat hi zaah 17 a ni a; a dang zaah 83 hi sawrkar laipui atanga hmuh tur (central transfers) a ni thung. Revenue receipt hi hlawm li-ah then theih a ni a. Chungte chu State chhiah atanga hmuh te, state chhiah ni lo thil dang atanga hmuh te, sawrkar laipui chhiah atanga state chanvo leh sum indaihlohna tanpuina (revenue deficit grant) leh tanpui sum dang CSS/EAP atanga lokal te a ni.
Revenue deficit grant hi a tlem tial tial a; a zuih ral tep niin a lang. CSS atanga sum hmuh hi central sawrkarin a khuahkhirh na sawt hle bawk. State sawrkar tan hman mai a remchang tawh lo hle niin a hriat bawk. Open Market borrowing leh RBI atanga Ways & Means Advance lamah kan inhnangfak a. Cash Management lamah state sawrkarin harsatna namen lo a tawk mek niin a lang.
Revenue expenditure a sang hle
Revenue expenditure ruahman zat hi a sâng hle. Budget pumpuia sum hmanral tur atangin zaah 78 lai a tling. Sawrkar hnathawk hlawh, leiba pung rulhna leh pension atana hmanralte hi ‘committed expenditure’ tih a ni bik a. A awmzia chu heng atana sum hman tur hi a awm ngei tura ngaih a ni. State sawrkar hian thla tin a tlem berah ‘committed expenditure’ atan Rs vbc 580-600 vel a mamawh dawn niin a lang. Revenue account hnuaia Untied fund hi thla tin Rs vbc 638 vel hmuh beisei a ni bawk. Untied Fund hi state inekawlna leh tul hrang hranga state sawrkar sum hman theih zat sawina a ni ber awm e.
Untied fund te hi beisei anga hmuh a nih chuan RBI atanga puk buai fo ngai lovin sawrkar a kal thei dawn niin a lang. Hei hi thil lawmawm tak a ni ngei ang. Untied fund hi state chhiah leh chhiah ni lo thil dang atanga sum lut te, sawrkar laipui chhiah intawm atanga hmuh leh sum indaihlohna tanpuina te an ni. Sawrkar sum hmuhna lam a pun lohva, revenue expenditure a pun hian rotling thilsiamna lamin a tuar thung a; ram hmasawnna sumin a tlakhniam phah thin a ni.
Rotling thil siamna lam a beitham
Ram tana rotling thil siamna tur bik ‘capital outlay’ hi a beitham hle. Budget pumpui atanga sum hman tur atangin zaah 12 vel a ni a; GSDP atanga chhut phei chuan zaah 5 chauh a ni bawk. Capital outlay hi ram leina tur te, sawrkar in leh lo sakna tur te, kawngpui siam leh lei dawh te, tui lakna kawng te, infiamna ruhrel te, thil siamna atana khawl tha zawk leina atana sum hlawm lian sawina a ni.
Ram hmasawnna hna thawhna tur atan sum duh tawk hman tur neih hi hmasawnna bul a ni. Central atanga sum lokal a tlem telh telh avangin, Capital outlay atana sum dah tur thahnem zawk ngaihtuah hi a pawimawh chho zel dawn a ni.
Major deficit indicators
Sawrkar sum dinhmun tehkhawng pawimawh tak chu Revenue deficit/surplus te, Fiscal deficit leh Primary deficit te hi an ni a. Sawrkar sum hmuh aia hmanral zat a tam chuan sum indaihlohna ‘Revenue deficit’ a awm tihna a ni. Hei hi sawrkar sum dinhmun hrisel lo sawina a ni. FBRM Act 2006 chuan Revenue account-a sum indaihlohna neih hi a remti tawh lo nghe nghe a ni.
Budget pumpuia sum indaihlohna, puka hnawh khah ngai hi Fiscal deficit tih a ni a. Kum thar budget-ah hian State sum thawhchhuah (GSDP) atanga chhutin fiscal deficit hi zaah 3.47 a ni dawn a ni. FRBM Act 2006 (2020 Amendment) chuan fiscal deficit him chin tur a ruahman chu GSDP atanga chhutin zaah 3.5 a ni. Leiba pung (interest payment) rulh hnua fiscal deficit awm zat hi ‘Primary deficit’ tih a ni a; Rs vbc 585 awm tura ruahman a ni.
State leiba ngah ber Mizoram
RBI (2023) tarlan danin March 31, 2023 a Mizoram sawrkar leibat tlingkhawm chu Rs vbc 12,991 a ni. Leibat tam lam hi State thawhchhuah zat (GSDP) behchhanin sawi thin a ni a. Mizoram sawrkar leibat zat hi GSDP atanga chhutin zaah 53 a ni. India ramah GSDP hisapa leiba ngah ber a ni. He mi awmzia chu State leiba hi rulh vek tur ni ta se, State sum lak luh zatve aia tam mah hi leiba rulh nan pek chhuah a ngai tihna a ni. Odisha sawrkarin leiba a nei tlem ber a, cheng vbc 1,13,856 a nei a ni; GSDP atanga chhutin zaah 16 chauh a ni thung.
Sikkim sawrkarin leiba nei tlem ber anga sawi leh a dawttu Mizoram anga sawi hi a dik famkim tawk lo niin a lang.
Sawrkar laipui atanga sum hmuh tur ang chi te hi beisei leh mamawh hunah hmuh loh chang a awm fo thin a. Hetiang hunah State sawrkar hian sum mamawh hmanchawp RBI atangin a puk thin a. Hei hi state sawrkar inhnangfakna pawimawh tak a ni. March 31, 2022 thleng khan Mizoram sawrkar hian Ways & Means Advance Rs vbc 256 aia tam lo ni 90 chhung atan a puk thei a. Overdraft hi ni 21 chhung a nei thei bawk. Kum 2021-22 hian RBI atangin WMA lak zat hi Rs vbc 3,352 a ni; thla tin Rs vbc 279 puk ang a ni.
India sawrkar chuan kum 2018 khan Fiscal Responsibility & Budget Management (FRBM) Review Committee N.K. Singh-a kaihhruaina hnuaiah a din a. He Committee hian State leibat tlingkhawm hi GSDP atanga chhutin 20% pel lo se tiin rawtna a siam nghe nghe a ni. Leiba him chin ramri pel thui ber State kan ni mek a. Leiba rit tak phur chungin Mizoram economy hi a kal ve chhet chhet a ni.
State innghahna-CSS/EAP
Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) leh Externally Aided Project (EAP) te hi Mizoram hmasawnna hnukpui kengtu leh ban pawimawh siamtu a tih theih hial awm e. State sum atanga hmalakna lian tham sawi tur a awm vak lo niin a lang a. SEDP leh PAHOSS te hi a ni mai awm e. Hei pawh hi ruahmanna ang a ni phak lo hle. Social leh Economic Service hnuaia department pawimawh ber berte hi CSS-a innghat an ni. CSS te hi awm lo ta se, Mizoram sawrkar leh mipuite hi an khawhar hle ang. CSS hi State sawrkar department 19-ah kalpui mek niin a lang a; thawktu 10,000 chuang an awm bawk.
Kum 2021-22 hian CSS atan sum Rs vbc 1335 hmuh a ni a; revenue receipt atangin zaah 14.57 lai a tling. Kum 2023-24 BE-ah hian CSS sum Rs vbc 2670 beisei a ni. Department tam ber hian hma thar lakna tur sum an nei loh laiin Department 19 laiin CSS sum an nei thei hi a lawmawm hle.
Externally Aided Project (EAP) hi state hmasawnna ruhrel siamtu pawimawh tak a ni ta. State sawrkar hian sawrkar laipui kaltlangin World Bank (WB), Asian Development Bank (ADB), Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) atang ten sum a puk thin a. EAP kalhmang chu hetiang hi a ni. Project sum zaa 20 hi state sawrkar tum tur (counter-part funding) a ni a, zaah 80 hi loan a ni thung a; hei hi Central sawrkarin zaah 90 leh State sawrkarin zaah 10 a intum sem leh tur a ni.
EAP kal lai mek awm te hi Mizoram Health Systems Strengthening Project (World Bank), Fostering Climate Resilient Upland Farming System in the North East (FOCUS Mizoram)-(IFAD), Technical Assistance for Capacity Enhancement for Sustainable Agriculture and Irrigation-(JICA) leh Japan Sustainable Urban Transport Project in Aizawl City (ADB) te an ni.
Sawrkar hnathawk hlawh
Sawrkar hnathawk ‘sanctioned post’ hi 71,663 a awm a; sanctioned post 48,245 hnawh khah mek a ni a, hnawh khah loh hi post 23,418 a awm bawk. Sawrkar hnathawk tih hian State department hrang hrang, PSU leh Aided Institution & Bodies a thawk te a huam. Heng bakah hian Provisional employees, co-terminus, contract, muster roll 11,638 an awm bawk. Kum 2021-22 khan sawrkar hnatawk hlawh atana hmanral hi Rs vbc 3,939 a ni; hei hi Revenue receipts atanga chhutin zaah 43 lai a tling. Sawrkar hnathawk pension hlawhah Rs vbc 1331 hmanral a ni bawk a; hei hi revenue receipt atanga chhutin zaah 15 lai a tling bawk a ni.
Sawrkar hnathawk hlawh hi Mizoram economy khalh kaltu pawimawh tak a ni. Lu mehna dawr thlengin tha tir leh thla tawp a danglam an ti. Sawrkar hnathawk ten hun bi dik taka hlawh an lak theih loh hian sawrkar sum dinhmun a hrisel lo hle tih a entir a ni.
Tlangkawmna
Rotling thil siamna tura State sawrkar sum leh pai a beitham lutuk te, leiba phurrit tak maiin min delh reng mai te, State hmasawnnan CSS leh EAP-ah kan inhnangfak rihngawt leh hripui leng chhuanlama sawrkar hnathawk hlawh kan inpe mumal hlei thei lote hi state sawrkar mualphona mai a ni lova, hnam mualphona a tling.
Mizoram hmasawnna hi Mizo mipuite finna, remhriatna leh thahnemngaihna leh thawhrimna rah a ni tur a ni a. Budget sumpui atang ngeiin ram leh hnam hmasawnna hnapui thawh kan tum tur a ni. CSS leh EAP te hi min puitu chauh ni thei se a duhawm hle. Rorelna fel leh tha, eiruknaa fihlim state kan nih chuan CSS leh EAP sum te hi hman sen loh a lo kal mai dawn a ni. Hmasawnna kawl eng duhawm zawk nei turin beng sikin ngaihtuahna thar i hmang theuh ang u.