A GUIDE TO SMART FARMING – 19

By RK Dawla
Mb 9366095658
1. May 15 a ni a. Thlivir leh a ken tel ruah (cyclonic rain) kan dawng mêk a. Tun tum ruahtui chu a ram pum huap ang pawhin kan dawng rualkhai tawh deuh turah ngai ila. Leilung tihnâwng tha tham tur ruah hi kan mamawh êm êm tawh si a. Chutih laiin khawimaw laiah thli thaw tuar na hlek chu awm loh theih a ni lova. Mahsela, Bangladesh leh Myanmar phaizawlte tawrh lakah chuan kan tawrh hi a la nêp hle âwm e.
2. Vansâng tak atangin ruahtui a rawn tla nal nal a. Hei hi leilung chhu muktu lian tak a ni thin. Leilung a lo muk (soil compaction) chuan, lei chunglang mûr kara boruak (air) a tlêm a, thlai eichhetu hrik hlauhawm a tam a, thlai tâna hrik tangkai a titlêm thung thin. Leilung khan khuhtu thilto a neih erawh chuan soil compaction hi a thleng nêp bik thin.
3. Leilungah hian nunna nei tawih thli (organic matter) a tam hlei viau mai a. He organic matter tam leh tam loh hian leilungin ruahtui a lo dawnsawn dan pawh a nghawng thui thei hle. Leilungin ruahtui a lo dawn khan, leia organic matter khan tui kha lo hîpin, a lo keng khâwl hmasa a, tuihâwk insiam nghal kha a tlêm a, lei chhunga ruahtui pût lût duak duak (leeching) a tlêm bawk. Mahsela, leiah organic matter a tlem chuan, ruah lo sûr kha, leiin a keng khâwl hlei thei lova. Balu lei deuhah chuan lei chhunga pût-ral kha a tam a, hei hian thlai chaw leh colloids (thlai chaw chelhtângtu lei mûr sîn) thlai ei phâk lohvin lei chhungrilah a luhpui thin. Chubâkah, lei khal-sak leh ban deuhah thung chuan, ruahtui kha lei chungah a luangral thuai thung, organic matter tam lovah chuan.
4. Leiah organic matter a tam chuan, ruahtui kha lei chunga luang nghal emaw lei chhunga pût ral a tlêm a. A chhan chu organic matter hian a lêt 10 zeta tam tui a keng tâng thei a. Tichuan, ruah a lo sur pawh khan, leiin tui a lo keng khâwl phawt a, chumi hnu chuan tuihna siam turin muangchangin lei chhungrilah a chhuah thla a. Chutianga a tih theih bâk chu lei chungah tuihawkah a chhuah ta chauh thin. Hei hi leilung quality vawnthat nân a hlu êm êm a, leilunga tawihthli tam hi ram awihpangah chuan thil tul tâwpkhâwk a ni âwm e.
5. Leilunga organic matter tihtamna hmanruate :
1) Grass kumhlun leh zung thûk tak nei hnim tenâu hmanga huan leilung khuh. Kumtluana hring reng thin thiltote hian leilungah an zung atangin tuihnâng (root exudates) an chhuah reng a. He root exudates hi leia organic matter siamtu khawl ropui ber chu an ni. Grass kumhlun kan tihte hian an chaw siam (Photosynthetic product) atanga 70% zet chu root exudates atân leiah an chhuah thla thin a. Kan huan hnim narànte erawh hi chuan, 20% vel chauh exudates an pe chhuak thung.
2) Compost/Vermicompost hman – Mi tam tak chuan heng thil pahnihte hi leitha, thlai chaw angin kan ngai ber thin a. Hei hi a dik famkim lo hle. A nihna takah chuan thlai chaw (plant nutrient) kha an keng tam lêm lo khawp mai, 5% pawh an keng tling mang ngai lo. Hei hi chu hun kal zelah kan la sawi zau chho turah ngai ila. Compost/Vermicompost hian an ken tam ber chu tawih-thli/organic matter a ni. Vawi leh khata thlai thar hlawk hluaina lam ni lovin, tlo leh daihrei taka lei thatna vawnhim lam an hawi zawk.
3) Ran zun-êk: Bawng-êk, Vawk-êk leh ar-êk kan hmang lar zual âwm e. Hengho pawh hian an ken tam ber chu organic matter tho. Ar-êk leh ran dang zun bik hian Nitrogen a keng sâng deuh a ni mai a. A bâk a keng tam lo. Mahsela, hei hi kan lo chik dawn ni a – ran-êk uptawihte hian nutrient keng tam lo hle si, engatinge thlaiin an ngeih êm êm – tih hi. A chhan chu thlai leh thiltote hi thlai chaw kan tihho, essential nutrients hmang chauhva an nun loh vâng a ni!